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Transliteration is the process of representing or intending to represent a word, phrase, or text in a different script or writing system. Transliterations are designed to convey the pronunciation of the original word in a different script, allowing readers or speakers of that script to approximate the sounds and pronunciation of the original word.
As most Indians are familiar with the Roman script through the English language (which traditionally does not use diacritics), these transliteration systems are much less widely known. Most such "Romanagari" is transliterated arbitrarily to imitate English spelling, and thus results in numerous inconsistencies.
Only certain fonts support all the Latin Unicode characters essential for the transliteration of Indic scripts according to the IAST and ISO 15919 standards. For example, the Arial , Tahoma and Times New Roman font packages that come with Microsoft Office 2007 and later versions also support precomposed Unicode characters like ī .
This is a guideline for the transliteration (or Romanization) of writings from Indic languages and Indic scripts for use in the English-language Wikipedia. It is based on ISO 15919, and is applicable to all languages of south Asia that are written in Indic scripts.
Microsoft Transliteration Utility – A tool for creating, debugging and using transliteration modules from any script to any other script. Randall Barry (ed.) ALA-LC Romanization Tables U.S. Library of Congress, 1997, ISBN 0-8444-0940-5 .
ALA-LC [91] romanisation is a transliteration scheme approved by the Library of Congress and the American Library Association, and widely used in North American libraries. Transliteration tables are based on languages, so there is a table for Hindi, [92] one for Sanskrit and Prakrit, [93] etc.
Angle brackets [note 12] are used to mark both original Latin orthography and transliteration from another script; they are also used to identify individual graphemes of any script. [28] [29] In IPA literature, they are used to indicate the IPA letters themselves rather than the sound values that they carry.
ISO 11940-2:2007 (Transliteration of Thai characters into Latin characters — Part 2: Simplified transcription of Thai language) ISO/TR 11941:1996 (Transliteration of Korean script into Latin characters, withdrawn in 2013) ISO 15919:2001 (Transliteration of Devanagari and related Indic scripts into Latin characters)