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Pain. Morphine is used primarily to treat both acute and chronic severe pain. Its duration of analgesia is about three to seven hours. [12][13] Side effects of nausea and constipation are rarely severe enough to warrant stopping treatment. It is used for pain due to myocardial infarction and for labor pains. [12]
Key:BQJCRHHNABKAKU-QHQPWPDESA-N Y. (+)-Morphine also known as dextro-morphine is the "unnatural" enantiomer of the opioid drug (−)-morphine. Unlike "natural" levo-morphine, unnatural dextro-morphine is not present in Papaver somniferum and is the product of laboratory synthesis. In contrast to natural morphine, the unnatural enantiomer has no ...
Extended-release morphine. Extended-release (or slow-release) formulations of morphine are those whose effect last substantially longer than bare morphine, availing for, e.g., one administration per day. Conversion between extended-release and immediate-release (or "regular") morphine is easier than conversion to or from an equianalgesic dose ...
In Wikidata. Opioids are a class of drugs that derive from, or mimic, natural substances found in the opium poppy plant. Opioids work in the brain to produce a variety of effects, including pain relief. As a class of substances, they act on opioid receptors to produce morphine -like effects. [ 2 ][ 3 ]
Codeine is marketed as both a single-ingredient drug and in combination preparations with paracetamol (as co-codamol: e.g., brands Paracod, Panadeine, and the Tylenol-with-codeine series, including Tylenol 3 and 1, 2, and 4); with aspirin (as co-codaprin); or with ibuprofen (as Nurofen Plus). These combinations provide greater pain relief than ...
Opioid-induced hyperalgesia. Opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) or opioid-induced abnormal pain sensitivity, also called paradoxical hyperalgesia, is an uncommon condition of generalized pain caused by the long-term use of high dosages of opioids [1] such as morphine, [2] oxycodone, [3] and methadone. [4][5] OIH is not necessarily confined to ...
Dihydromorphine. Dihydromorphine (Paramorfan, Paramorphan) is a semi-synthetic opioid structurally related to and derived from morphine. The 7,8-double bond in morphine is reduced to a single bond to get dihydromorphine. [2] Dihydromorphine is a moderately strong analgesic and is used clinically in the treatment of pain and also is an active ...
Apomorphine. Apomorphine, sold under the brand name Apokyn among others, is a type of aporphine having activity as a non- selective dopamine agonist which activates both D 2 -like and, to a much lesser extent, D 1 -like receptors. [2] It also acts as an antagonist of 5-HT 2 and α-adrenergic receptors with high affinity.