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Bromothymol blue (also known as bromothymol sulfone phthalein and BTB) is a pH indicator. It is mostly used in applications that require measuring substances that would have a relatively neutral pH (near 7). A common use is for measuring the presence of carbonic acid in a liquid. It is typically sold in solid form as the sodium salt of the acid ...
A pH indicator is a halochromic chemical compound added in small amounts to a solution so the pH (acidity or basicity) of the solution can be determined visually or spectroscopically by changes in absorption and/or emission properties. [1] Hence, a pH indicator is a chemical detector for hydronium ions (H 3 O +) or hydrogen ions (H +) in the ...
Universal indicator. A universal indicator is a pH indicator made of a solution of several compounds that exhibit various smooth colour changes over a wide range pH values to indicate the acidity or alkalinity of solutions. A universal indicator can be in paper form or present in a form of a solution. [1]
Dye. Bromophenol blue is also used as a dye. At neutral pH, the dye absorbs red light most strongly and transmits blue light. (Its peak absorbance is 590 nm at a basic pH of 12.) Solutions of the dye, therefore, are blue. At low pH, the dye absorbs ultraviolet and blue light most strongly and appears yellow in solution.
In order to differentiate pH in this wide range it is common to use a double indicator system comprising methyl red and bromothymol blue. [5] Methyl red produces a colour change from red to yellow in the range of pH 4 to 6 and the bromothymol blue changes from yellow to blue between pH 6 and 9.
Simmons’ citrate agar was developed by James S. Simmons in 1926 by adding 1.5% agar and bromothymol blue as a pH indicator to Koser’s citrate agar to observe changes in pH as a result of oxidative reactions from citrate metabolism. [5] Koser’s agar, developed by Stewart A. Koser in 1923, is a clear, colorless agar that allows the ...
Phthalein dyes are a class of dyes mainly used as pH indicators, due to their ability to change colors depending on pH. [1] They are formed by the reaction of phthalic anhydride with various phenols. They are a subclass of triarylmethane dyes. Common phthalein dyes include: Bromothymol blue; Bromocresol green; Bromocresol purple; Cresol Red; o ...
A coliform is a gram negative, aerobic, or facultative anaerobic rod, which produces gas from lactose within 48 hours. The presence of some coliforms indicate fecal contamination. The term "IMViC" is an acronym for each of these tests. "I" is for indole test; "M" is for methyl red test; "V" is for Voges-Proskauer test, and "C" is for citrate test.