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Adult males are rosy red around the face and upper breast, with a streaky brown back, belly, and tail. Small finch with a conical bill and notched tail. Females/immature males are brown overall with blurry streaks down the belly. Note very thick bill with curved rather than straight-edged profile.
Female and young have rather plain brown face, blurry stripes all over pale underparts (sharper stripes on juveniles). House Sparrows lack stripes; native sparrows all have different patterns, and most are more secretive. Male House Finch has red eyebrow and forehead contrasting with brown cap.
A closer look at size, structure, streaking patterns, and facial markings is needed to distinguish the female House Finch from other dull-plumaged finches. Subtle features like the indistinct wing bars, eyebrow stripe, and conical bill are helpful identification clues.
Females are typically attracted to the males with the deepest pigment of red to their head, more so than the occasional orange or yellowish-headed males that sometimes occur. [6] The female lays clutches of eggs from February through August, two or more broods per year with 2 to 6 eggs per brood, most commonly 4 or 5.
Male House Finches are reddish on the head, breast, and rump. The coloration is brightest on the forehead, throat and upper breast. The red forehead and throat borders a brown ear covert. The head of the female House Finch is very weakly patterned.
Males vary in shades and intensity of red. Some males are yellow or orange. Females are drab gray-brown overall with plain faces and blurry streaks on underparts. Similar to Purple and Cassin's Finch, but House Finch males are more orangey-red with color equally bright on crown, throat, and breast.
The House Finch is a small, sparrow-sized bird with a stout beak and a slightly notched tail. Males display vibrant red on their head, breast, and rump, contrasting with brown-streaked backs and wings. Females and juveniles lack red coloration and instead show overall brown plumage with streaked underparts.
Female/immature. Small finch with a conical bill and notched tail. Females/immature males are brown overall with blurry streaks down the belly. © Jonathan Irons / Macaulay Library Maryland, January 10, 2019
The female House Finches are relatively slender-bodied with inconspicuous coloration on their bodies. They do not possess even an ounce of red color on their plumage but rather have a brown color all over the upper part of their bodies.
Female House Finches have a plainer brown head, where female Purple Finches are more strikingly brown and white. Female House Sparrows have light-brown stripes on the back and are unstreaked on the chest and belly.