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Penicillium digitatum (/ ˌ p ɛ n ɪ ˈ s ɪ l i əm ˌ d ɪ dʒ ɪ ˈ t eɪ t əm /) is a mesophilic fungus found in the soil of citrus-producing areas. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is a major source of post-harvest decay in fruits and is responsible for the widespread post-harvest disease in Citrus fruit known as green rot or green mould.
Salmonella Typhi which causes typhoid fever is different from the other Salmonella bacteria that usually cause salmonellosis, a common type of food poisoning. [10] Diagnosis is performed by culturing and identifying S. Typhi from patient samples or detecting an immune response to the pathogen from blood samples.
A hospital-acquired infection, also known as a nosocomial infection (from the Greek nosokomeion, meaning "hospital"), is an infection that is acquired in a hospital or other healthcare facility. [1] To emphasize both hospital and nonhospital settings, it is sometimes instead called a healthcare-associated infection . [ 2 ]
Penicillium expansum, a pathogen of apples and other fruit, produces patulin; Penicillium glabrum; Penicillium glaucum, a mold that is used in the making of some types of blue cheese, including Bleu de Gex, Rochebaron, and some varieties of Bleu d'Auvergne and Gorgonzola. Penicillium imranianum; Penicillium italicum, a Citrus pathogen ...
Aspergillus penicillioides is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus, and is among the most xerophilic fungi. [1]Aspergillus penicillioides is typically found in indoor air, house dust, and on substrates with low water activity, such as dried food, papers affected by foxing, and inorganic objects such as binocular lenses. [2]
Like many fungal pathogens it mostly affects immunocompromised people; if in the blood or other organs and tissues, mortality is about 50%. [3] Other species of Candida may be pathogenic as well, including Candida stellatoidea, C. tropicalis, C. pseudotropicalis, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, and C. guilliermondii. [9]
Penicillium expansum produces the mycotoxin patulin, a neurotoxin that can enter the food supply via apples and apple products such as juice and cider. [19] Considering the size of the apple product industry and the large number of people that may come into contact with infected fruits, control of P. expansum is vitally important. [20]
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to concepts related to infectious diseases in humans.. Infection – transmission, entry/invasion after evading/overcoming defense, establishment, and replication of disease-causing microscopic organisms (pathogens) inside a host organism, and the reaction of host tissues to them and to the toxins they produce.