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WireGuard is a communication protocol and free and open-source software that implements encrypted virtual private networks (VPNs). [5] It aims to be lighter and better performing than IPsec and OpenVPN , two common tunneling protocols . [ 6 ]
20] In this example, the sender of a message runs it through a MAC algorithm to produce a MAC data tag. The message and the MAC tag are then sent to the receiver. The receiver in turn runs the message portion of the transmission through the same MAC algorithm using the same key, producing a second MAC data tag.
The protocol exists in two versions, MS-CHAPv1 (defined in RFC 2433) and MS-CHAPv2 (defined in RFC 2759).MS-CHAPv2 was introduced with pptp3-fix that was included in Windows NT 4.0 SP4 and was added to Windows 98 in the "Windows 98 Dial-Up Networking Security Upgrade Release" [1] and Windows 95 in the "Dial Up Networking 1.3 Performance & Security Update for MS Windows 95" upgrade.
n2n, an open source Layer 2 over Layer 3 VPN application which uses a peer-to-peer architecture for network membership and routing Tinc , Ethernet/IPv4/ IPv6 over TCP/UDP; encrypted, compressed VTun , Ethernet/IP/serial/ Unix pipe over TCP; encrypted, compressed, traffic-shaping
CHAP periodically verifies the identity of the client by using a three-way handshake. This happens at the time of establishing the initial link (LCP), and may happen again at any time afterwards. The verification is based on a shared secret (such as the client's password). [1]
The client sends an authenticated and encrypted Finished message, containing a hash and MAC over the previous handshake messages. The server will attempt to decrypt the client's Finished message and verify the hash and MAC. If the decryption or verification fails, the handshake is considered to have failed and the connection should be terminated.
Bob has Alice's password stored in a database for comparison. Alice sends Bob her password in a packet complying with the protocol rules. Bob checks the received password against the one stored in his database. Then he sends a packet saying "Authentication successful" or "Authentication failed" based on the result. [3]
An example of this is the Signal Protocol, which combines the Double Ratchet Algorithm, prekeys, and a 3-DH handshake. [7] The protocol provides confidentiality, integrity, authentication, participant consistency, destination validation, forward secrecy, backward secrecy (aka future secrecy), causality preservation, message unlinkability ...