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1897 J. J. Thomson discovered the electron; 1897 Emil Wiechert, Walter Kaufmann and J.J. Thomson discover the electron; 1898 Marie and Pierre Curie discovered the existence of the radioactive elements radium and polonium in their research of pitchblende; 1898 William Ramsay and Morris Travers discover neon, and negatively charged beta particles
1932 Antielectron (or positron), the first antiparticle, discovered by Carl D. Anderson [13] (proposed by Paul Dirac in 1927 and by Ettore Majorana in 1928) : 1937 Muon (or mu lepton) discovered by Seth Neddermeyer, Carl D. Anderson, J.C. Street, and E.C. Stevenson, using cloud chamber measurements of cosmic rays [14] (it was mistaken for the pion until 1947 [15])
Sir Joseph John Thomson (18 December 1856 – 30 August 1940) was an English physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1906 for his discovery of the electron, the first subatomic particle to be found.
In 1947, synchrotron radiation was discovered with a 70 MeV electron synchrotron at General Electric. This radiation was caused by the acceleration of electrons through a magnetic field as they moved near the speed of light. [72] With a beam energy of 1.5 GeV, the first high-energy particle collider was ADONE, which began operations in 1968. [73]
Atoms were thought to be the smallest possible division of matter until 1899 when J. J. Thomson discovered the electron through his work on cathode rays. [37]: 86 [5]: 364 A Crookes tube is a sealed glass container in which two electrodes are separated by a vacuum.
Some particles including the positron were even discovered by using this device. By 1914, experiments by Ernest Rutherford, Henry Moseley, James Franck and Gustav Hertz had largely established the structure of an atom as a dense nucleus of positive charge surrounded by lower-mass electrons. [6]
The following dates are approximations. 700 BC: Pythagoras's theorem is discovered by Baudhayana in the Hindu Shulba Sutras in Upanishadic India. [18] However, Indian mathematics, especially North Indian mathematics, generally did not have a tradition of communicating proofs, and it is not fully certain that Baudhayana or Apastamba knew of a proof.
1955 - Emilio Segrè and Owen Chamberlain: Antiproton discovered; 1956 – Bruce Cork: Antineutron discovered; 1956 – Electron neutrino discovered; 1956–57 – Parity violation proved by Chien-Shiung Wu; 1957 - Many-worlds, also called the relative state formulation or the Everett interpretation. 1957 – BCS theory explaining superconductivity