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Stevia rebaudiana is a plant species in the genus Stevia of the family Asteraceae. It is commonly known as candyleaf, sweetleaf or sugarleaf. [1] [2] It is a small seasonal plant which grows to a height of 30–60 centimetres (1–2 feet). [2] It has elongated leaves that grow along the stems and are lined up against each other.
Stevia (/ ˈ s t iː v i ə, ˈ s t ɛ v i ə /) [1] [2] is a sweet sugar substitute that is about 50 to 300 times sweeter than sugar. [3] It is extracted from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana, a plant native to areas of Paraguay and Brazil. [4] [5] The active compounds in stevia are steviol glycosides (mainly stevioside and rebaudioside).
Rebaudioside A (sometimes shortened to "Reb A") is a steviol glycoside from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana that is 240 times sweeter than sugar. [2] Rebaudioside A is the sweetest and most stable steviol glycoside, and is less bitter than stevioside. [3] Stevia leaves contain 9.1% stevioside and 3.8% rebaudioside A. [3]
Stevioside is the main sweetener (along with rebaudioside A) found in the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana, a plant originating in South America.Dried leaves, as well as aqueous extracts, have been used for decades as a sweetener in many countries, notably in Latin America and Asia (Japan, China). [3]
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Steviol glycosides do not induce a glycemic response when ingested, because humans cannot metabolize stevia. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The acceptable daily intake (ADI) for steviol glycosides, expressed as steviol equivalents, has been established to be 4 mg/kg body weight/day, and is based on no observed effects of a 100 fold higher dose in a rat study.
The species Stevia rebaudiana in this genus is widely grown for its extraction of sweet compounds from its leaves and sold as a sugar substitute known as stevia and other trade names. Taxonomy [ edit ]
Rebiana is the trade name for high-purity rebaudioside A, a steviol glycoside that is 200 times as sweet as sugar. [1] It is derived from stevia leaves by steeping them in water and purifying the resultant extract to obtain the rebaudioside A. [1] The Coca-Cola Company filed patents on rebiana, and in 2007 it licensed the rights to the patents for food products to Cargill; Coca-Cola retained ...