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Although easily overlooked, other symptoms of tertiary syphilis might appear such as gummas and symptoms of neurosyphilis (headache, stiff neck, gait abnormality, dementia etc.). Additionally, in rare cases, chest pain and shortness of breath might appear as a result of the damage of the aorta and heart valve. [citation needed]
The massive ventricle can lead to a heart weighing over 1000 grams (the weight of a normal heart is about 350 grams), referred to as cor bovinum (Latin for cow's heart). [1] Fluri and Gebbers [2] define cor bovinum as a heart exceeding 500 g in weight. Looking through autopsies on Internal Medicine patients at the Kantonsspital Luzern, they ...
In tertiary syphilis, there are gummas (soft, non-cancerous growths), neurological problems, or heart symptoms. [3] Syphilis has been known as "the great imitator", because it may cause symptoms similar to many other diseases. [2] [3] Syphilis is most commonly spread through sexual activity. [2]
Treponema pallidum, formerly known as Spirochaeta pallida, is a microaerophilic, gram-negative, spirochaete bacterium with subspecies that cause the diseases syphilis, bejel (also known as endemic syphilis), and yaws. [1] It is known to be transmitted only among humans and baboons. [2]
The VDRL is a nontreponemal serological screening for syphilis that is also used to assess response to therapy, to detect central nervous system involvement, and as an aid in the diagnosis of congenital syphilis. The basis of the test is that an antibody produced by a patient with syphilis reacts with an extract of ox heart (diphosphatidyl ...
In syphilis, the gumma is caused by a reaction to spirochaete bacteria in the tissue. It appears to be the human body's way to slow down the action of this bacteria; it is a unique immune response that develops in humans after the immune system fails to kill off syphilis. [citation needed]