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A Mediterranean forest, in the Region of Murcia . The Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome mostly occurs in, but not limited to, the Mediterranean climate zones, in the mid-latitudes: [1] the Mediterranean Basin; the Chilean Matorral; the California chaparral and woodlands ecoregion of California and the Baja California Peninsula
Foliage and cone of the Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis).. The natural vegetation consists of forests, woodlands, and shrublands.The five chief plant communities are: Xeric pine forests and woodlands: The xeric pine forests are found mainly in the drier interior, near the transition to the Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe, where rainfall averages 300 to 600 mm per year.
The Rif Mountains rise to 2,455 m (8,050 ft) and have mountain ridges cut by gorges and valleys and clad with forests of Atlas cedar, cork oak, holm oak, and Moroccan fir. The climate here is the Mediterranean with up to 2,000 mm (79 in) of precipitation, hot summers and mild winters. [ 2 ]
As for the animals, in many parts of Europe most large animals and top predator species have been hunted to extinction. The woolly mammoth was extinct before the end of the Neolithic period. Tree species spread outward from refugia during interglacial periods, but in varied patterns, with different trees dominating in different periods. [ 2 ]
Forests of Holm oak (Quercus rotundifolia) form natural forests in most of the Mediterranean region as well as penetrating into the warmer sun-exposed areas and hillsides of the Atlantic region; they extend from sea level, with the subspecies ilex, to an elevation of 1400 metres, in some mountains and high plains of the interior; in the ...
Map of maquis regions of the world Low maquis in Corsica High macchia in Sardinia. Maquis (UK: / m æ ˈ k iː / ma-KEE, US: / m ɑː ˈ k iː / mah-KEE, French:) or macchia (/ ˈ m ɑː k i ə / MAH-kee-ə, Italian:; often macchia mediterranea in Italian; Corsican: machja, pronounced; Croatian: makija; Occitan: maquís; Catalan: màquia) is a savanna-like shrubland biome in the Mediterranean ...
Other common general names for this Mediterranean region shrubland habitat ecosystem are maquis and garrigue in France, Macchia Mediterraneain Italy, phrygana in Greece, mato [Portugal]], batha in Israel. The term is now used more broadly to include similar bio-assemblages where ever they occur.
Cyprus lies in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. It is the third-largest island in the Mediterranean, with an area of 9,251 km². The Troodos Mountains lie in the southwest of the island, and Mount Olympus (aka Chionistra), Cyprus' highest peak, reaches an elevation of 1,952 m.