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The compound provides real time near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging with an extinction coefficient of 2.8 × 10 5 M −1 cm −1 and combinatorial phototherapy with dual photothermal and photodynamic therapeutic mechanisms that may be appropriate for adriamycin-resistant tumors. The particles had a hydrodynamic size of 37.66 ± 0.26 nm ...
Recently, central serous chorioretinopathy has been understood to be part of the pachychoroid spectrum. [5] [6] In pachychoroid spectrum disorders, of which CSR represents stage II, the choroid, the highly vascularized layer below the retina, is thickened and congested with increased blood vessel diameter, especially in the deep choroid (the so-called Haller's layer).
The photochemical principle underlying antimicrobial photodynamic therapy involves the activation of a photosensitizer, a light-sensitive compound that can locally generate reactive products, such as radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS), upon exposure to specific wavelengths of light. [10]
Laser radiation being delivered via a fiber for photodynamic therapy to treat cancer. A 40-watt CO 2 laser with applications in ENT, gynecology, dermatology, oral surgery, and podiatry. Laser medicine is the use of lasers in medical diagnosis, treatments, or therapies, such as laser photodynamic therapy, [1] photorejuvenation, and laser surgery.
Dental infections tend to also respond better to photothermal therapy than photodynamic therapy, though both have a strong effect. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] [ 12 ] The efficacy of PDT for antimicrobial usage is limited by the properties of the membrane of the target cell such as the electrical gradient ( membrane potential ) and lipid composition.
Figure 1. Schematic representation of the mechanism of (a) photopharmacology (b) photodynamic therapy, and (c) optogenetics. The discovery of natural photoreceptors such as rhodopsins in the eye inspired the biomedical and pharmacology research community to engineer light-sensitive proteins for therapeutic applications. [2]
416 nm, 530.9 nm, 568.2 nm, 647.1 nm, 676.4 nm, 752.5 nm, 799.3 nm Electrical discharge Scientific research, mixed with argon to create "white-light" lasers, light shows. Xenon ion laser: Many lines throughout visible spectrum extending into the UV and IR: Electrical discharge Scientific research. Nitrogen laser: 337.1 nm Electrical discharge
A photosensitizer being used in photodynamic therapy. Photosensitizers are light absorbers that alter the course of a photochemical reaction. They usually are catalysts. [1] They can function by many mechanisms, sometimes they donate an electron to the substrate, sometimes they abstract a hydrogen atom from the substrate.