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The Christie suspension is a suspension system developed by American engineer J. Walter Christie for his tank designs. It allowed considerably longer movement than conventional leaf spring systems then in common use, which allowed his tanks to have considerably greater cross-country speed.
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The last tank to use this basic mechanism was the Chieftain, designed in the late 1950s. Horstman Defence Systems remains a tank suspension specialist to this day and makes a range of systems based mostly on torsion systems with hydrodynamic damping. They are also referred to as "Horstman suspensions" although they have no details in common ...
The vertical volute spring suspension system is a type of vehicle suspension system which uses volute springs to compensate for surface irregularities. This type of the suspension system was mainly fitted on US and Italian tanks and armored fighting vehicles starting from throughout the 1930s up until after the end of the Second World War in 1945.
John Walter Christie (May 6, 1865 – January 11, 1944) was an American engineer and inventor. [1] He is known best for developing the Christie suspension system used for several World War II-era tank designs, most notably the Soviet BT and T-34 [3] tanks series, and the United Kingdom Covenanter and Crusader Cruiser tanks, as well as the Comet heavy cruiser tank.
Oshkosh remains the market leader as of 2024 for independent suspension systems above the 5000 kg threshold, almost exclusively for large commercial vehicles, and excluding Striker and Pierce products, has equipped in the region of 30,000 military vehicles with the TAK-4 independent suspension system set-up. [5]
The Christie M1931 originated as the M1928, which used Christie's suspension, and had the ability to run on its tracks or the wheels.The M1928 was demonstrated unofficially to the US Army by traversing a route at an average speed of 45 km/h (28 mph); by contrast the US Army's T1E1 tanks – expected to replace their WWI-era M1917 light tanks – averaged 16 km/h (9.9 mph) over the same route.
The Toyota Soarer UZZ32 "Limited" was fitted with a fully integrated four-wheel steering and a complex, computer-controlled hydraulic Toyota Active Control Suspension in 1991. Similar systems are also widely used on modern tanks and other large military vehicles.