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Sura al-Baqarah, verses 282–286, from an early Quranic manuscript written on vellum (mid-late 7th century CE). In Muslim tradition the Quran is the final revelation from God, Islam's divine text, delivered to the Islamic prophet Muhammad through the angel Jibril (Gabriel).
The Birmingham Quran manuscript comprises two leaves of parchment from an early Quranic manuscript or muṣḥaf. In 2015, the manuscript, which is held by the University of Birmingham, [1] was radiocarbon dated to between 568 and 645 AD (in the Islamic calendar, between 56 before Hijrah and 24 after Hijrah). [2] [3] It is presently believed ...
The earliest known manuscripts of the Quran are collectively called the Hijazi script, and are mostly associated with the Umayyad period. [122] Most of the fundamental reform to the manuscripts of the Quran took place under Abd al-Malik, the fifth Umayyad caliph (65/685–86/705). [122]
The Sanaa palimpsest (also Ṣanʽā’ 1 or DAM 01-27.1) or Sanaa Quran is one of the oldest Quranic manuscripts in existence. [1] Part of a sizable cache of Quranic and non-Quranic fragments discovered in Yemen during a 1972 restoration of the Great Mosque of Sanaa, the manuscript was identified as a palimpsest Quran in 1981 as it is written on parchment and comprises two layers of text.
The Hijazi style manuscripts nevertheless confirm that transmission of the Quran in writing began at an early stage. Probably in the ninth century, scripts began to feature thicker strokes, which are traditionally known as Kufic scripts.
The demand for calligraphy in the early stages of the Islamic empire (circa 7–8th century CE) can be attributed to a need to produce Qur'an manuscripts. During the Umayyad period, Kufic scripts were typically seen in Qur'an manuscripts. [3] However, Arabic was only one of the scripts used for recording religious manuscripts.
Page from the Topkapi manuscript with heading for the chapter Ad-Dhuha. The Topkapı manuscript or Topkapı Quran (Also known as Topkapı Qurʾān Manuscript H.S. 32 or Topkapı H.S. 32) [1] is an early manuscript of the Quran dated to the middle 2nd century AH (mid 8th century AD). [2] This manuscript is kept in the Topkapi Palace Museum ...
Quranic 9th-century manuscript page, surah 2:175-76 and 2:176-77. Corpus Coranicum is a digital research project of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities. The project makes sources accessible that are relevant for the history of the Quran. These primary texts include Jewish, Christian, and other textual remains from the ...