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CUDA is a software layer that gives direct access to the GPU's virtual instruction set and parallel computational elements for the execution of compute kernels. [6] In addition to drivers and runtime kernels, the CUDA platform includes compilers, libraries and developer tools to help programmers accelerate their applications.
Alea GPU also provides a simplified GPU programming model based on GPU parallel-for and parallel aggregate using delegates and automatic memory management. [22] MATLAB supports GPGPU acceleration using the Parallel Computing Toolbox and MATLAB Distributed Computing Server, [23] and third-party packages like Jacket.
Numenta touts their "highly sparse" [50] neural network technology, which they say obviates the need for GPUs as their algorithms run on CPUs with AVX-512. [51] They claim a ten times speedup relative to A100 largely because their algorithms reduce the size of the neural network, while maintaining accuracy , by techniques such as the Sparse ...
TensorFlow includes an “eager execution” mode, which means that operations are evaluated immediately as opposed to being added to a computational graph which is executed later. [35] Code executed eagerly can be examined step-by step-through a debugger, since data is augmented at each line of code rather than later in a computational graph. [35]
PyTorch 2.0 was released on 15 March 2023, introducing TorchDynamo, a Python-level compiler that makes code run up to 2x faster, along with significant improvements in training and inference performance across major cloud platforms.
Nvidia started enabling PhysX hardware acceleration on its line of GeForce graphics cards [7] and eventually dropped support for Ageia PPUs. [8] PhysX SDK 3.0 was released in May 2011 and represented a significant rewrite of the SDK, bringing improvements such as more efficient multithreading and a unified code base for all supported platforms. [2]
In January 2019, Google made the Edge TPU available to developers with a line of products under the Coral brand. The Edge TPU is capable of 4 trillion operations per second with 2 W of electrical power. [44] The product offerings include a single-board computer (SBC), a system on module (SoM), a USB accessory, a mini PCI-e card, and an M.2 card.
An MS-DOS command line, illustrating parsing into command and arguments. A command-line argument or parameter is an item of information provided to a program when it is started. [23] A program can have many command-line arguments that identify sources or destinations of information, or that alter the operation of the program.