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Beckman Model M pH Meter, 1937 [1] Beckman model 72 pH meter, 1960 781 pH/Ion Meter pH meter by Metrohm. A pH meter is a scientific instrument that measures the hydrogen-ion activity in water-based solutions, indicating its acidity or alkalinity expressed as pH. [2]
The combination electrode consists of the following parts (see the drawing): A sensing part of electrode, a bulb made from a specific glass. Internal electrode, usually silver chloride electrode or calomel electrode. Internal solution, usually a pH=7 buffered solution of 0.1 mol/L KCl for pH electrodes or 0.1 mol/L MCl for pM electrodes.
A pH indicator is a halochromic chemical compound added in small amounts to a solution so the pH (acidity or basicity) of the solution can be determined visually or spectroscopically by changes in absorption and/or emission properties. [1] Hence, a pH indicator is a chemical detector for hydronium ions (H 3 O +) or hydrogen ions (H +) in the ...
Due to the microprocessor control and a number of interfaces, automatic refractometers are able to communicate with computers or other measuring devices, e.g. density meters, pH meters or viscosity meters, to store refractive index data and density data (and other parameters) into one database.
pH meter: pH (chemical acidity/basicity of a solution) photometer: illuminance or irradiance planometer: area polarimeter: rotation of polarized light potentiometer: voltage (term is also used to refer to a variable resistor) profilometer: surface roughness protractor: angle psychrometer: humidity pycnometer: fluid density pyranometer: solar ...
Arnold Orville Beckman (April 10, 1900 – May 18, 2004) was an American chemist, inventor, investor, and philanthropist. While a professor at California Institute of Technology, he founded Beckman Instruments based on his 1934 invention of the pH meter, a device for measuring acidity (and alkalinity), later considered to have "revolutionized the study of chemistry and biology". [1]
A buffer solution is a solution where the pH does not change significantly on dilution or if an acid or base is added at constant temperature. [1] Its pH changes very little when a small amount of strong acid or base is added to it. Buffer solutions are used as a means of keeping pH at a nearly constant value in a wide variety of chemical ...
A colorimeter is a device used in colorimetry that measures the absorbance of particular wavelengths of light by a specific solution. [1] [2] It is commonly used to determine the concentration of a known solute in a given solution by the application of the Beer–Lambert law, which states that the concentration of a solute is proportional to the absorbance.