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The largest municipality by population in New Jersey is Newark, with 311,549 residents, whereas the smallest is Walpack Township, with seven residents. [3] New Jersey is the most populous U.S. state with no cities ranked in the top 50 most populous United States cities, with the next most populous being South Carolina.
The Optional Municipal Charter Law or Faulkner Act (N.J.S.A 40:69A-1 [1], et seq.) provides New Jersey municipalities with a variety of models of local government. This legislation is called the Faulkner Act in honor of the late Bayard H. Faulkner, former mayor of Montclair, New Jersey, U.S., and former chairman of the Commission on Municipal Government.
Under the terms of the New Jersey State Constitution of 1947 and the Faulkner Act of 1950, a municipality may obtain a special charter form from the New Jersey Legislature, providing a unique form of governmental organization for that community. [1]
Local government in New Jersey is composed of counties and municipalities. Local jurisdictions in New Jersey differ from those in some other states because the entire area of the state is part of a municipality; each of the 564 municipalities is in exactly one county; and each of the 21 counties has more than one municipality.
Among New Jersey's 564 municipalities, the borough is the most common form of local government, though the majority of state residents actually reside in townships. In 2023 there were 253 boroughs in New Jersey. [2] However, boroughs were not always so common. In 1875 only 17 boroughs had been created, all by special acts of the legislature.
New Jersey was governed by two groups of proprietors as two distinct provinces, East Jersey and West Jersey, between 1674 and 1702.New Jersey's first counties were created as administrative districts within each province, with East Jersey split in 1675 into Bergen, Essex, Middlesex and Monmouth counties, while West Jersey's initial counties of Burlington and Salem date to 1681.
Washington Township is a township in southwestern Morris County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. [16] As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 18,197, [7] [8] a decrease of 336 (−1.8%) from the 2010 census count of 18,533, [17] [18] which in turn reflected an increase of 941 (+5.3%) from the 17,592 counted in the 2000 census.
Eagleswood Township is a township in Ocean County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 1,722, [8] the highest recorded in any decennial count and an increase of 119 (+7.4%) from the 2010 census count of 1,603, [16] [17] which in turn reflected an increase of 162 (+11.2%) from the 1,441 counted in the 2000 census.