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The PRCA-24 is a test created to determine the communication comfort level of a speaker. [8] This test shows that communication apprehension is not limited to public speaking since it includes different situations that can trigger anxiety, these situations belong to an apprehension triggered by context, context anxiety. [13]
Glossophobia or speech anxiety is the fear of public speaking. [1] The word glossophobia derives from the Greek γλῶσσα glossa (tongue) and φόβος phobos (fear or dread.) The causes of glossophobia are uncertain but explanations include communibiology and the illusion of transparency .
In young adults, research supports a rounded cut-off point of 23 for the DSM-5 specific subtype of performance or public speaking and 24 for overall social anxiety. The generalized specifier for social anxiety disorder (formerly, social phobia) changed in favor of a performance-only (i.e., public-speaking or performance) specifier in DSM-5. [8]
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An article based on a National Comorbidity Survey reported that 1/3 of people with lifetime social phobia had glossophobia [11] Another survey of a community sample from a Canadian city reported that of people who believed being anxious in one or several social situations 55% feared speaking to a large audience, 25% feared speaking to a small ...
The scale is composed of 24 items divided into 2 subscales, 13 concerning performance anxiety, and 11 pertaining to social situations. The 24 items are first rated on a Likert Scale from 0 to 3 on fear felt during the situations, and then the same items are rated regarding avoidance of the situation. [7]
Former President Barack Obama made third place scoring a high ninth-grade level and Trump was found to have the worst ranking since Harry Truman in 1945 by scoring at a fourth-grade level.
The SIAS discriminates between social anxiety and general anxiety as it has low associations with trait anxiety (a level of stress associated with an individual personality) and general distress. [8] Beyond identifying those who experience social anxiety of some form, the scale can discriminate within the social anxiety class as well. [1]