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  2. Argument from ignorance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_from_ignorance

    There is a debate over whether the argument from ignorance is always fallacious. It is generally accepted that there are only special circumstances in which this argument may not be fallacious. For example, with the presumption of innocence in legal cases, it would make sense to argue: [5] It has not been proven that the defendant is guilty.

  3. Deflationary theory of truth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deflationary_theory_of_truth

    Paul Horwich's minimal theory of truth, also known as minimalism, takes the primary truth-bearing entities to be propositions, rather than sentences. According to the minimalist view then, truth is indeed a property of propositions (or sentences, as the case may be) but it is so minimal and anomalous a property that it cannot be said to provide ...

  4. This misconception may originate from a misunderstanding based on the fact that the Earth's mantle convects, and the incorrect assumption that only liquids and gases can convect. In fact, a solid with a large Rayleigh number can also convect, given enough time, which is what occurs in the solid mantle due to the very large thermal gradient ...

  5. Irreducible complexity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irreducible_complexity

    Irreducible complexity (IC) is the argument that certain biological systems with multiple interacting parts would not function if one of the parts were removed, so supposedly could not have evolved by successive small modifications from earlier less complex systems through natural selection, which would need all intermediate precursor systems to have been fully functional. [1]

  6. Correspondence theory of truth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correspondence_theory_of_truth

    Correspondence theory is a traditional model which goes back at least to some of the ancient Greek philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle. [2] [3] This class of theories holds that the truth or the falsity of a representation is determined solely by how it relates to a reality; that is, by whether it accurately describes that reality.

  7. Opinion - ESG pseudo-science gets brutally debunked - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/opinion-esg-pseudo-science-gets...

    State laws requiring public funds to be invested with financial institutions focused on financial performance have debunked the myth that such laws increase costs, as other states without such ...

  8. List of fallacies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fallacies

    Red herring – introducing a second argument in response to the first argument that is irrelevant and draws attention away from the original topic (e.g.: saying "If you want to complain about the dishes I leave in the sink, what about the dirty clothes you leave in the bathroom?"). [72] In jury trial, it is known as a Chewbacca defense.

  9. Occam's razor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occam's_razor

    Rather than depend on provability of these axioms, science depends on the fact that they have not been objectively falsified. Occam's razor and parsimony support, but do not prove, these axioms of science. The general principle of science is that theories (or models) of natural law must be consistent with repeatable experimental observations.