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In simple terms, the functional approach sees religion as "performing certain functions for society" [7] Theories by Karl Marx (role of religion in capitalist and pre-capitalist societies), Sigmund Freud (psychological origin of religious beliefs), Émile Durkheim (social function of religions), and the theory by Stark and Bainbridge exemplify ...
In this essay, Mill argues against the idea that the morality of an action can be judged by whether it is natural or unnatural. [3] He then lays out the two main conceptions of "nature", the first being "the entire system of things" and the second being "things as they would be, apart from human intervention."
The sociology of religion concerns the dialectical relationship between religion and society; the practices, historical backgrounds, developments, universal themes and roles of religion in society. [30] There is particular emphasis on the recurring role of religion in all societies and throughout recorded history.
As religious literature, tracts were used throughout the turbulence of the Protestant Reformation and the various upheavals of the 17th century. They came to such prominence again in the Oxford Movement for reform within the Church of England that the movement became known as "Tractarianism", after the publication in the 1830s and 1840s of a series of religious essays collectively called ...
Literature and Theology is a quarterly peer-reviewed indisciplinary academic journal of theology and literary studies published by Oxford University Press. It "provides a critical non-confessional forum for both textual analysis and theoretical speculation, encouraging explorations of how religion is embedded in culture". [ 1 ]
Literature in philosophy of religion is distinguished from Religious philosophical literature, in that it is literature about the philosophical thinking about religion, rather than literature that is inspired and directed by religion, such as Christian philosophy and Islamic philosophy. Philosophy of religion can be carried out dispassionately ...
Religion is the substance, the ground, and the depth of man's spiritual life." [83] When religion is seen in terms of sacred, divine, intensive valuing, or ultimate concern, then it is possible to understand why scientific findings and philosophical criticisms (e.g., those made by Richard Dawkins) do not necessarily disturb its adherents. [84]
In this essay, Hume offers a pioneering naturalist account of the causes, effects, and historical development of religious belief. Hume argues that a crude polytheism was the earliest religion of mankind and locates the origins of religion in emotion, particularly hope, fear, and the desire to control the future.