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Schematic cross section of a pressurized caisson. In geotechnical engineering, a caisson (/ ˈ k eɪ s ən,-s ɒ n /; borrowed from French caisson 'box', from Italian cassone 'large box', an augmentative of cassa) is a watertight retaining structure [1] used, for example, to work on the foundations of a bridge pier, for the construction of a concrete dam, [2] or for the repair of ships.
A concrete girder bridge pier during construction prior to installation of the bridge deck and parapets, consisting of multiple angled pylons for support (bottom), a horizontal concrete cap (center), and girders (top) with temporary wood bracing A quadruple compound pier supporting the fly-over at the traffic junction 24 Oktoberplein (Utrecht ...
Marine construction is the process of building structures in or adjacent to large bodies of water, usually the sea. These structures can be built for a variety of purposes, including transportation, energy production, and recreation. Marine construction can involve the use of a variety of building materials, predominantly steel and concrete ...
However, the piers of the first bridges were not calculated, and the characteristics of the structures resulted from empirical formulas. The piers of the early structures were very robust to ensure the stability of the support during construction: each pier was self-stable under the thrust of the already built vault.
A pier is an intermediate support. The cap is the part that supports the bearing pads. Depending on the type of support structure, there may or may not be a cap. Wall piers and stub abutments do not require a cap, while a multi-column, hammerhead, or pile-bent pier will have a cap. The stem or stub is the main body of the foundation. It ...
The subsidiary space alongside the body of a building, separated from it by columns, piers, or posts. Ante-choir The space enclosed in a church between the outer gate or railing of the rood screen and the door of the screen. Apron 1. A raised panel below a window or wall monument or tablet. 2.
Corner – Any post at the corner of a building. Story – A post only one story tall as in "storeyed construction" [12] also known as platform framing. Prick – 1) Same as story post, a one-story post for extra support at a particular location; 2) In a roof truss a side post. [13]
The illustrations are of modern pipe-column falsework, used to support the formwork for a post-tensioned reinforced concrete flyover connector for the eastern span replacement of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge. When the supports are complete, wood beams and plywood or reusable metal forms will be placed, reinforcing and tenon conduits ...