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[1] [2] When a decision tree is the weak learner, the resulting algorithm is called gradient-boosted trees; it usually outperforms random forest. [1] As with other boosting methods, a gradient-boosted trees model is built in stages, but it generalizes the other methods by allowing optimization of an arbitrary differentiable loss function.
LightGBM, short for Light Gradient-Boosting Machine, is a free and open-source distributed gradient-boosting framework for machine learning, originally developed by Microsoft. [4] [5] It is based on decision tree algorithms and used for ranking, classification and other machine learning tasks. The development focus is on performance and ...
While the XGBoost model often achieves higher accuracy than a single decision tree, it sacrifices the intrinsic interpretability of decision trees. For example, following the path that a decision tree takes to make its decision is trivial and self-explained, but following the paths of hundreds or thousands of trees is much harder.
Colour banding may appear in images depending on the method of coloring used as well as gradient color density. Some programs generate geometric self-similar or deterministic fractals such as the Koch curve. These programs use an initiator followed by a generator that is repeated in a pattern. These simple fractals originate from a technique ...
As with ordinary random forests, they are an ensemble of individual trees, but there are two main differences: (1) each tree is trained using the whole learning sample (rather than a bootstrap sample), and (2) the top-down splitting is randomized: for each feature under consideration, a number of random cut-points are selected, instead of ...
R package GBM (Generalized Boosted Regression Models) implements extensions to Freund and Schapire's AdaBoost algorithm and Friedman's gradient boosting machine. jboost; AdaBoost, LogitBoost, RobustBoost, Boostexter and alternating decision trees; R package adabag: Applies Multiclass AdaBoost.M1, AdaBoost-SAMME and Bagging
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C4.5 is an algorithm used to generate a decision tree developed by Ross Quinlan. [1] C4.5 is an extension of Quinlan's earlier ID3 algorithm.The decision trees generated by C4.5 can be used for classification, and for this reason, C4.5 is often referred to as a statistical classifier.