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In the scientific literature, there is a very strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. [1]
The American Geophysical Union (AGU) adopted a statement on Climate Change and Greenhouse Gases in 1998. [13] A new statement, adopted by the society in 2003, revised in 2007, and revised and expanded in 2013, [14] affirms that rising levels of greenhouse gases have caused and will continue to cause the global surface temperature to be warmer:
Climate change — Global warming • Global dimming • Fossil fuels • Sea level rise • Greenhouse gas • Ocean acidification • Shutdown of thermohaline circulation • Environmental impact of the coal industry • Urban heat islands • Flooding; Environmental degradation — Loss of biodiversity • Habitat destruction • Invasive ...
The main cause of these changes are the emissions of greenhouse gases from human activities, mainly burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. Carbon dioxide and methane are examples of greenhouse gases. The additional greenhouse effect leads to ocean warming because the ocean takes up most of the additional heat in the climate system. [86]
Climate change can be mitigated by reducing the rate at which greenhouse gases are emitted into the atmosphere, and by increasing the rate at which carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere. [270] To limit global warming to less than 1.5 °C global greenhouse gas emissions needs to be net-zero by 2050, or by 2070 with a 2 °C target. [271]
Climate change has become a concern for a number of disciplines due to its potentially catastrophic impacts on environmental systems, wildlife, nature, and humans.Climate change poses a serious threat to the global economy as economic development, especially in the West, has been largely dependent on the extraction and burning of fossil fuels since the Industrial Revolution. [5]
Climate change is altering the geographic range and seasonality of some insects that can carry diseases, for example Aedes aegypti, the mosquito that is the vector for dengue transmission. Global climate change has increased the occurrence of some infectious diseases. Infectious diseases whose transmission is impacted by climate change include, for example, vector-borne diseases like dengue ...
It will be quicker to reach net-zero emissions for CO 2 alone rather than CO 2 plus other greenhouse gases like methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated gases. [22] The net-zero target date for non-CO 2 emissions is later partly because modellers assume that some of these emissions such as methane from farming are harder to phase out. [22]