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Cleft lip may be surgically corrected. Generally surgeons repair the lip when the child is still an infant. A second surgery is sometimes necessary for cosmetic purposes when the child is older. Cleft palate may be repaired by surgery or covered by an artificial device (prosthesis) that closes or blocks the opening.
Cleft lip with or without a cleft palate: Alcohol is known to be a folic acid antagonist, and a baby's palate and lip develop during the first trimester of the pregnancy (first 12 weeks). Heavy alcohol consumption and binge drinking during this time have been linked to orofacial cleft.
[1] [2] Cleft lip and cleft palate can often be diagnosed during pregnancy with an ultrasound exam. [1] A cleft lip or palate can be successfully treated with surgery. [1] This is often done in the first few months of life for cleft lip and before eighteen months for cleft palate. [1] Speech therapy and dental care may also be needed. [1]
A baby being fed using the Haberman Feeder. The upright sitting position allows gravity to help the baby swallow the milk. The Haberman Feeder (a registered trademark) is a speciality bottle named after its inventor Mandy Haberman for babies with impaired sucking ability (for example due to cleft lip and palate or Mobius syndrome).
Maxillary hypoplasia is the most common secondary deformity that results from cleft lip and cleft palate. Because of the subjective nature of the diagnosis, the incidence of maxillary hypoplasia in people with cleft lip and palate varies between 15-50%. It is estimated that 25-50% of these patients require surgical intervention. [7]
An example of the clear phenotypic variability is a monozygotic twin study conducted by Jobling et al. (2010). Two monozygotic female twins had the same IRF6 mutation; however Twin A was born with a bilateral cleft lip, whereas Twin B had bilateral lip pits and no orofacial clefting. Both twins were diagnosed with VWS.
An example of a birth defect is cleft palate, which occurs during the fourth through seventh weeks of gestation. [14] Body tissue and special cells from each side of the head grow toward the center of the face. They join to make the face. [14] A cleft means a split or separation; the "roof" of the mouth is called the palate. [15]
A cleft palate is one of the most common causes of VPI. Cleft palate is an anatomical abnormality that occurs in utero and is present at birth. This malformation can affect the lip and palate, or the palate only. A cleft palate can affect the mobility of the velopharyngeal valve, thereby resulting in VPI. [citation needed]