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In audio, 0 dBm often corresponds to approximately 0.775 volts, since 0.775 V dissipates 1 mW in a 600 Ω load. [16] The corresponding voltage level is 0 dBu, without the 600 Ω restriction. Conversely, for RF situations with a 50 Ω load, 0 dBm corresponds to approximately 0.224 volts, since 0.224 V dissipates 1 mW in a 50 Ω load.
A power level of 0 dBm corresponds to one milliwatt, and 1 dBm is one decibel greater (about 1.259 mW). In professional audio specifications, a popular unit is the dBu. This is relative to the root mean square voltage which delivers 1 mW (0 dBm) into a 600-ohm resistor, or √ 1 mW × 600 Ω ≈ 0.775 V RMS.
The decibel watt (dBW or dB W) is a unit for the measurement of the strength of a signal expressed in decibels relative to one watt.It is used because of its capability to express both very large and very small values of power in a short range of number; e.g., 1 milliwatt = −30 dBW, 1 watt = 0 dBW, 10 watts = 10 dBW, 100 watts = 20 dBW, and 1,000,000 W = 60 dBW.
The electric field strength at a specific point can be determined from the power delivered to the transmitting antenna, its geometry and radiation resistance. Consider the case of a center-fed half-wave dipole antenna in free space, where the total length L is equal to one half wavelength (λ/2).
In the above formula, P is measured in units of power, such as watts (W) or milliwatts (mW), and the signal-to-noise ratio is a pure number. However, when the signal and noise are measured in volts (V) or amperes (A), which are measures of amplitude, [note 1] they must first be squared to obtain a quantity proportional to power, as shown below:
Effective radiated power and effective isotropic radiated power both measure the power density a radio transmitter and antenna (or other source of electromagnetic waves) radiate in a specific direction: in the direction of maximum signal strength (the "main lobe") of its radiation pattern.
The conversion level is chosen as the best compromise for the typical headroom and signal-to-noise levels of the equipment in question. Examples: [ 32 ] [ 33 ] [ 34 ] EBU R68 is used in most European countries, specifying +18 dBu at 0 dBFS.
dBc (decibels relative to the carrier) is the power ratio of a signal to a carrier signal, expressed in decibels.For example, phase noise is expressed in dBc/Hz at a given frequency offset from the carrier. dBc can also be used as a measurement of Spurious-Free Dynamic Range between the desired signal and unwanted spurious outputs resulting from the use of signal converters such as a digital ...