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Side effects include decreased appetite, nausea, indigestion, weight loss, dizziness, mood swings, increased blood pressure, trouble sleeping, vomiting, stomach pain, anxiety, irritability, and increased heart rate. [4] It was approved for medical use in the United States in March 2021. [4] [5] [2]
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder predominantly inattentive (ADHD-PI or ADHD-I), [3] is one of the three presentations of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). [4] In 1987–1994, there were no subtypes or presentations and thus it was not distinguished from hyperactive ADHD in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-III-R).
He named the drug after his wife Marguerite, nicknamed Rita, who used Ritalin to compensate for low blood pressure. [ 157 ] [ 158 ] Methylphenidate was not reported to be a stimulant until 1954. [ 159 ] [ 160 ] The drug was introduced for medical use in the United States in 1957. [ 161 ]
The DSM-IV criteria for diagnosis of ADHD is 3–4 times more likely to diagnose ADHD than is the ICD-10 criteria. [217] ADHD is alternately classified as neurodevelopmental disorder [218] or a disruptive behaviour disorder along with ODD, CD, and antisocial personality disorder. [219] A diagnosis does not imply a neurological disorder. [190]
The prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was found to be 3.4% overall in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, among primary school students between the years of 2015 and 2016, with 22 children having symptoms that were both reported by their parents and teachers. The gender split among them was 3:1, with 13 (5.7%) boys and 9 (2.1%) girls. [17]
ADHD medication tied to 19% lower death risk. An observational study conducted in Sweden, whose results appeared in JAMA in March 2024, further emphasized the positive impact of ADHD medication on ...
ICD-10 is the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), a medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO). It contains codes for diseases, signs and symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances, and external causes of injury or diseases. [1]
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