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Printable version; In other projects Wikidata item; Appearance. move to sidebar hide. The molecular formula C 12 H 14 CaO 12 (molar mass: 390.310 ... to: Calcium ...
Crystals of the tetrahydrate can be prepared by treating a solution of sodium pyrophosphate with calcium nitrate with careful control of pH and temperature: [3] Na 4 P 2 O 7 (aq)+2 Ca(NO 3) 2 (aq)→ Ca 2 P 2 O 7 ·4 H 2 O + 4 NaNO 3. The dihydrate, sometimes termed CPPD, can be formed by the reaction of pyrophosphoric acid with calcium ...
The two domains are each αβα sandwiches, with the small domain containing a five-strand β-sheet surrounded by α-helices while the large domain has a six-stranded β-sheet. [6] The large domain, located at the N-terminal , and the C-terminal of each monomer also contain "arm-like" protrusions.
It contains more non-essential amino acids, sodium pyruvate, and vitamins (ascorbic acid (vitamin C), biotin, and cyanocobalamin) compared with MEM. It can also come with lipoic acid and nucleosides. [8] [9] Glasgow's MEM (Glasgow minimal essential medium) is yet another modification, prepared by Ian MacPherson and Michael Stoker. [10]
Pyruvate decarboxylation requires a few cofactors in addition to the enzymes that make up the complex. The first is thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), which is used by pyruvate dehydrogenase to oxidize pyruvate and to form a hydroxyethyl-TPP intermediate. This intermediate is taken up by dihydrolipoyl transacetylase and reacted with a second ...
When pyruvate kinase – the enzyme that normally catalyzes the reaction that converts PEP to pyruvate – is knocked out in mutants of Bacillus subtilis, PEPCK participates in one of the replacement anaplerotic reactions, working in the reverse direction of its normal function, converting PEP to OAA. [13]
Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 P i + 2 ADP → 2 pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2 NADH + 2 H 2 O. Steps 1 and 3 require the input of energy derived from the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and P i (inorganic phosphate), whereas steps 7 and 10 require the input of ADP, each yielding ATP. [7]
Amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) is a glassy solid that is formed from the chemical decomposition of a mixture of dissolved phosphate and calcium salts (e.g. (NH 4) 2 HPO 4 + Ca(NO 3) 2). The resulting amorphous mixture consists mostly of calcium and phosphate, but also contains varying amounts of water and hydrogen and hydroxide ions ...