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Roman Military Service: Ideologies of Discipline in the Late Republic and Early Principate. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781139468886. Radicke, Jan (2022). Roman Women's Dress. De Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-071155-4; Rodgers, Nigel (2007). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Roman Empire. Lorenz Books. ISBN 978-0-7548-1911-0.
Statue of the Emperor Tiberius showing a draped toga of the 1st century AD. The toga (/ ˈ t oʊ ɡ ə /, Classical Latin: [ˈt̪ɔ.ɡa]), a distinctive garment of Ancient Rome, was a roughly semicircular cloth, between 12 and 20 feet (3.7 and 6.1 m) in length, draped over the shoulders and around the body.
It was worn as a symbol and represented a woman's marital status, and it was also worn by the Roman Vestal priestesses. [ 14 ] [ 15 ] There are no physical remains of any stola . The matron’s stola usually served as an intermediate garment and was worn over the undertunic ( subucula ) and under the cloak ( pallium ).
Violet Latin stole and maniple, worn over an alb. The stole is a liturgical vestment of various Christian denominations, which symbolizes priestly authority; in Protestant denominations which do not have priests but use stoles as a liturgical vestment, however, it symbolizes being a member of the ordained.
Vestments in different liturgical colours. Liturgical colours are specific colours used for vestments and hangings within the context of Christian liturgy.The symbolism of violet, blue, white, green, red, gold, black, rose, and other colours may serve to underline moods appropriate to a season of the liturgical year or may highlight a special occasion.
Pallium over a chiton. The pallium was a Roman cloak.It was similar in form to the palla, which had been worn by respectable Roman women since the mid-Republican era. [1] It was a rectangular length of cloth, [2] as was the himation in ancient Greece.
Archaeologists and volunteers excavating an ancient Roman site in the United Kingdom uncovered a “mysterious” purple lump. It turned out to be an “incredibly rare” substance once “worth ...
Roman art from the Augustan period shows idealized women as substantial and fleshy, with a full abdomen and breasts that are rounded, [170] not pendulous. [171] Prostitutes depicted in Roman erotic art have fleshy bodies and wide hips, and often have their breasts covered by a strophium (a sort of strapless bra) even when otherwise nude and ...