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Bicuspid aortic valves are the most common cardiac valvular anomaly, occurring in 1–2% of the general population. It is twice as common in males as in females. [23] Bicuspid aortic valve is a heritable condition, with a demonstrated association with mutations in the NOTCH1 gene. [24] Its heritability is as high as 89%. [25]
Mitral valve or bicuspid valve, between the left atrium and left ventricle; Two semilunar valves to prevent the backflow of blood into the ventricle: Pulmonary valve, located at the opening between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk; Aortic valve, located at the opening between the left ventricle and the aorta.
Normal aortic valve is tricuspid. Five types of bicuspid valve are shown, with Type 1 being most prevalent. Bicuspid valve forms when the tissue surrounding one of the cusps (leaflets) of the valve fuse during fetal development. This developmental anomaly can have either negative or no effect on the individual.
The aortic valve normally has three cusps or leaflets, although in 1–2% of the population it is found to congenitally have two leaflets. [1] The aortic valve is the last structure in the heart the blood travels through before stopping the flow through the systemic circulation. [1]
Heart bicuspid aortic valve anatomy: Date: 23 December 2006: Source: Patrick J. Lynch, medical illustrator: Author: Patrick J. Lynch, medical illustrator: Permission (Reusing this file) Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License 2006
Causes include being born with a bicuspid aortic valve, and rheumatic fever; a normal valve may also harden over the decades due to calcification. [2] [1] A bicuspid aortic valve affects about one to two percent of the population. [1] As of 2014 rheumatic heart disease mostly occurs in the developing world. [1]
The mitral valve (/ ˈ m aɪ t r ə l / MY-trəl), also known as the bicuspid valve or left atrioventricular valve, is one of the four heart valves. It has two cusps or flaps and lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart. The heart valves are all one-way valves allowing blood flow in just one
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