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Ground-level ozone (O 3), also known as surface-level ozone and tropospheric ozone, is a trace gas in the troposphere (the lowest level of the Earth's atmosphere), with an average concentration of 20–30 parts per billion by volume (ppbv), with close to 100 ppbv in polluted areas.
According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, ground level ozone is the main ingredient in smog. It is a harmful air pollutant because of its effects on people and the ...
In April 2023, the EPA finalized its "Good Neighbor Plan", which phases in tighter standards for NO x, using a cap and trade system during the summer "ozone season". This is intended to reduce ground-level ozone in non-attainment areas downwind of industrial sources like power plants, incinerators, and industrial furnaces, often in other states ...
Levels of ground-level ozone, designated as one of six common air pollutants by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, can rise when compounded by heat and sunlight. Children, older adults and ...
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The ozone at ground level is primarily from fossil fuel precursors, but methane is a natural precursor, and the very low natural background level of ozone at ground level is considered safe. This section examines the health impacts of fossil fuel burning, which raises ground level ozone far above background levels.
Levels of ozone at various altitudes and absorption of different bands of ultraviolet radiation: In essence, all UVC is absorbed by diatomic oxygen (100–200 nm) or by ozone (triatomic oxygen) (200–280 nm) in the atmosphere. The ozone layer also absorbs most UVB. In contrast, UVA is hardly absorbed and most of it reaches the ground.
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