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In science and engineering, root cause analysis (RCA) is a method of problem solving used for identifying the root causes of faults or problems. [1] It is widely used in IT operations, manufacturing, telecommunications, industrial process control, accident analysis (e.g., in aviation, [2] rail transport, or nuclear plants), medical diagnosis, the healthcare industry (e.g., for epidemiology ...
Root-cause analysis is intended to reveal key relationships among various variables, and the possible causes provide additional insight into process behavior. It shows high-level causes that lead to the problem encountered by providing a snapshot of the current situation.
A root cause is the identification and investigation of the source of the problem where the person(s), system, process, or external factor is identified as the cause of the nonconformity. The root cause analysis can be done via 5 Whys or other methods, e.g. an Ishikawa diagram.
The artificial depth of the fifth why is unlikely to correlate with the root cause. The five whys is based on a misguided reuse of a strategy to understand why new features should be added to products, not a root cause analysis. To avoid these issues, Card suggested instead using other root cause analysis tools such as fishbone or lovebug diagrams.
During the root cause analysis, human factors should be assessed. James Reason conducted a study into the understanding of adverse effects of human factors. [ 11 ] The study found that major incident investigations, such as Piper Alpha and Kings Cross Underground Fire , made it clear that the causes of the accidents were distributed widely ...
The design or process controls in a FMEA can be used in verifying the root cause and Permanent Corrective Action in an 8D. The FMEA and 8D should reconcile each failure and cause by cross documenting failure modes, problem statements and possible causes. Each FMEA can be used as a database of possible causes of failure as an 8D is developed.
Consistent use of templates. Producing a consistent set of models and templates to document the requirements. Documenting dependencies. Documenting dependencies and interrelationships among requirements. Analysis of changes. Performing root cause analysis of changes to requirements and making corrective actions.
FRACAS records the problems related to a product or process and their associated root causes and failure analyses to assist in identifying and implementing corrective actions. The FRACAS method [ 1 ] was developed by the US Govt. and first introduced for use by the US Navy and all department of defense agencies in 1985.