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Since these are equivalent properties, any one of them could be taken as the definition of parallel lines in Euclidean space, but the first and third properties involve measurement, and so, are "more complicated" than the second. Thus, the second property is the one usually chosen as the defining property of parallel lines in Euclidean geometry ...
Euclid gave the definition of parallel lines in Book I, Definition 23 [2] just before the five postulates. [3] Euclidean geometry is the study of geometry that satisfies all of Euclid's axioms, including the parallel postulate. The postulate was long considered to be obvious or inevitable, but proofs were elusive.
Parallel (geometry), two lines in the Euclidean plane which never intersect Parallel (operator) , mathematical operation named after the composition of electrical resistance in parallel circuits Science and engineering
However, parallel (non-crossing) pairs of lines are less restricted in hyperbolic line arrangements than in the Euclidean plane: in particular, the relation of being parallel is an equivalence relation for Euclidean lines but not for hyperbolic lines. [51] The intersection graph of the lines in a hyperbolic arrangement can be an arbitrary ...
Parallel curves of the graph of = for distances =, …, Two definitions of a parallel curve: 1) envelope of a family of congruent circles, 2) by a fixed normal distance The parallel curves of a circle (red) are circles, too
In mathematics, affine geometry is what remains of Euclidean geometry when ignoring (mathematicians often say "forgetting" [1] [2]) the metric notions of distance and angle. As the notion of parallel lines is one of the main properties that is independent of any metric, affine geometry is often considered as the study of parallel lines.
Parallel transport of a vector around a closed loop (from A to N to B and back to A) on the sphere. The angle by which it twists, , is proportional to the area inside the loop. In differential geometry, parallel transport (or parallel translation [a]) is a way of transporting geometrical data along smooth curves in a manifold.
The attendant parallel displacement operations also had natural algebraic interpretations in terms of the connection. Koszul's definition was subsequently adopted by most of the differential geometry community, since it effectively converted the analytic correspondence between covariant differentiation and parallel translation to an algebraic one.