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[1] [11] Antibiotics should generally not be used. [12] An exception is when acute bronchitis is due to pertussis. [1] Tentative evidence supports honey and pelargonium to help with symptoms. [1] Acute bronchitis is one of the most common diseases. [3] [13] About 5% of adults are affected and about 6% of children have at least one episode a year.
Acute bronchitis typically resolves on its own with time. [citation needed] In 2015 there were about 291 million cases. [1] These resulted in 2.74 million deaths down from 3.4 million deaths in 1990. [5] [2] This was 4.8% of all deaths in 2013. [5]
Sulfamethoxazole (SMZ or SMX) is an antibiotic. It is used for bacterial infections such as urinary tract infections, bronchitis, and prostatitis and is effective against both gram negative and positive bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. [1] Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and skin rashes.
A recent Cochrane review found that while it is an effective treatment for shigellosis it also produces more significant adverse effects than other antibiotic drugs. [43] Staphylococcus aureus infections: No: No: No: In vitro and in vivo activity against both non-resistant and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections.
Carrimycin is a macrolide antibiotic.It was approved by the National Medical Products Administration of China in 2019. [1] It is approved for the treatment of acute tracheal bronchitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and for the treatment of acute sinusitis caused by S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Staphylococcus. [2]
Protracted bacterial bronchitis in children, is defined as a chronic productive cough with a positive bronchoalveolar lavage that resolves with antibiotics. [ 77 ] [ 78 ] Protracted bacterial bronchitis is usually caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae , non-typable Haemophilus influenzae , or Moraxella catarrhalis . [ 78 ]
[3] [4] Some of the serious adverse effects which occur more commonly with fluoroquinolones than with other antibiotic drug classes include CNS and tendon toxicity. [3] [5] The currently marketed quinolones have safety profiles similar to that of other antimicrobial classes. [3] The serious events may occur with therapeutic or with acute overdose.
Benzonatate is a prescription non-opioid alternative for the symptomatic relief of cough.[7] [9] It has been found to improve cough associated with a variety of respiratory conditions including asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, pneumothorax, opioid-resistant cough in lung cancer, and emphysema.