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Hydrazine is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula N 2 H 4.It is a simple pnictogen hydride, and is a colourless flammable liquid with an ammonia-like odour.Hydrazine is highly hazardous unless handled in solution as, for example, hydrazine hydrate (N 2 H 4 ·xH 2 O).
Hydrazines (R 2 N−NR 2) are a class of chemical compounds with two nitrogen atoms linked via a covalent bond and which carry from one up to four alkyl or aryl substituents. . Hydrazines can be considered as derivatives of the inorganic hydrazine (H 2 N−NH 2), in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by hydrocarbon grou
Ketazines are also important intermediates in the industrial production of hydrazine hydrate by the peroxide process. [3] In the presence of an oxidant, ammonia and ketones react to give hydrazine via ketazine: 2 Me(Et)C=O + 2 NH 3 + H 2 O 2 → Me(Et)C=NN=C(Et)Me + 2 H 2 O. The ketazine can be hydrolyzed to the hydrazine and regenerate the ketone:
Hydrazine sulfate, more properly hydrazinium hydrogensulfate, is a salt of the cation hydrazinium and the anion bisulfate (hydrogensulfate), with the formula N 2 H 6 SO 4 or more properly [N 2 H 5] + [HSO 4] −.
diazane (or hydrazine), N 2 H 4 - two nitrogen and four hydrogen triazane, N 3 H 5 - three nitrogen and five hydrogen. Azanes with three or more nitrogen atoms are named by adding the suffix-azane to the appropriate numerical multiplier prefix. Hence, triazane, N 3 H 5; tetrazane or tetraazane, N 4 H 6; pentazane or pentaazane, N 5 H 7 ...
When derived from hydrazine itself, hydrazones condense with a second equivalent of a carbonyl to give azines: [11] R 2 C=N−NH 2 + R 2 C=O → R 2 C=N−N=CR 2 + H 2 O. Hydrazones are intermediates in the Wolff–Kishner reduction. Hydrazones are reactants in hydrazone iodination, the Shapiro reaction, and the Bamford–Stevens reaction to ...
The modified procedure consists of refluxing the carbonyl compound in 85% hydrazine hydrate with three equivalents of sodium hydroxide followed by distillation of water and excess hydrazine and elevation of the temperature to 200 °C. Significantly reduced reaction times and improved yields can be obtained using this modification.
Acetone hydrazone can be produced on large scale by reaction of acetone azine with hydrazine, a more convenient reaction than direct reaction of acetone and hydrazine. [3] Likewise, it is susceptible to disproportionation to revert to acetone azine and hydrazine, especially in the presence of water.