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Several drugs are available for treating intestinal infections, the most effective of which has been shown to be Paromomycin (also known as Humatin). E. histolytica infections occur in both the intestine and (in people with symptoms) in tissue of the intestine and/or liver. [ 2 ]
2 Use as anti-amoebic. 3 Dehydroemetine. 4 Cephaeline. 5 Use in blocking protein synthesis. ... Emetine is a drug used as both an anti-protozoal and to induce vomiting.
In all three cases, the drug therapy resulted in clearance of the infection, defined as negative results through an O&P exam, in all but 1-2 patients. [4] A 1979 study of 27 patients treated with dehydroemetine and various other drugs suggested all drug combinations were successful at treating amoebic liver abscesses. [5]
Pulmonary amoebiasis can occur from liver lesions by spread through the blood or by perforation of pleural cavity and lung. It can cause lung abscess, pulmono pleural fistula, empyema lung and broncho pleural fistula. It can also reach the brain through blood vessels and cause amoebic brain abscess and amoebic meningoencephalitis.
Diloxanide furoate destroys trophozoites of E. histolytica and prevents amoebic cyst formation. [9] The exact mechanism of diloxanide is unknown. [ 10 ] Diloxanide is structurally related to chloramphenicol and may act in a similar fashion by disrupting the ribosome [ 5 ]
Beyond anti-amoebic therapies, there is also a role for topical steroids of anti-inflammatory medications in the treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis. During infection, severe inflammation in the cornea and anterior chamber can cause more severe symptoms including pain and visual disturbance. [12]
Paromomycin is an antimicrobial used to treat a number of parasitic infections including amebiasis, giardiasis, leishmaniasis, and tapeworm infection. [3] It is a first-line treatment for amebiasis or giardiasis during pregnancy. [3]
Tinidazole, sold under the brand name Tindamax among others, is a medication used against protozoan infections.It is widely known throughout Europe and the developing world as a treatment for a variety of anaerobic amoebic and bacterial infections.