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  2. Lagrangian and Eulerian specification of the flow field

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrangian_and_Eulerian...

    The Lagrangian and Eulerian specifications of the flow field are sometimes loosely denoted as the Lagrangian and Eulerian frame of reference. However, in general both the Lagrangian and Eulerian specification of the flow field can be applied in any observer's frame of reference, and in any coordinate system used within the chosen frame of ...

  3. Lagrangian mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrangian_mechanics

    Particularly, Lagrange's approach was to set up independent generalized coordinates for the position and speed of every object, which allows the writing down of a general form of Lagrangian (total kinetic energy minus potential energy of the system) and summing this over all possible paths of motion of the particles yielded a formula for the ...

  4. Generalized coordinates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized_coordinates

    This is a suitable choice of generalized coordinate for the system. Only one coordinate is needed instead of two, because the position of the bead can be parameterized by one number, s, and the constraint equation connects the two coordinates x and y; either one is determined from the other. The constraint force is the reaction force the wire ...

  5. Lagrangian (field theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrangian_(field_theory)

    In field theory, the independent variable is replaced by an event in spacetime (x, y, z, t), or more generally still by a point s on a Riemannian manifold.The dependent variables are replaced by the value of a field at that point in spacetime (,,,) so that the equations of motion are obtained by means of an action principle, written as: =, where the action, , is a functional of the dependent ...

  6. Lagrangian system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrangian_system

    A Lagrangian density L (or, simply, a Lagrangian) of order r is defined as an n-form, n = dim X, on the r-order jet manifold J r Y of Y.. A Lagrangian L can be introduced as an element of the variational bicomplex of the differential graded algebra O ∗ ∞ (Y) of exterior forms on jet manifolds of Y → X.

  7. Lagrangian coherent structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrangian_coherent_structure

    The objectivity of LCSs requires them to be invariant with respect to all possible observer changes, i.e., linear coordinate changes of the form = + (), where is the vector of the transformed coordinates; () is an arbitrary proper orthogonal matrix representing time-dependent rotations; and () is an arbitrary -dimensional vector representing ...

  8. Immersed boundary method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immersed_Boundary_Method

    Each fiber can be viewed as a parametric curve (,) where is the Lagrangian coordinate along the fiber and is time. The physics of the fiber is represented via a fiber force distribution function (,). Spring forces, bending resistance or any other type of behavior can be built into this term.

  9. Lagrangian - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrangian

    Lagrangian (field theory), a formalism in classical field theory; Lagrangian point, a position in an orbital configuration of two large bodies; Lagrangian coordinates, a way of describing the motions of particles of a solid or fluid in continuum mechanics; Lagrangian coherent structure, distinguished surfaces of trajectories in a dynamical system