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Otitis externa responds well to treatment, but complications may occur if it is not treated. Individuals with underlying diabetes , disorders of the immune system, or history of radiation therapy to the base of the skull are more likely to develop complications, including malignant otitis externa. [ 23 ]
Gradenigo's syndrome, also called Gradenigo-Lannois syndrome, [1] [2] is a complication of otitis media and mastoiditis involving the apex of the petrous temporal bone. It was first described by Giuseppe Gradenigo in 1904. [3]
Clinically, patients experience aural fullness, intra-meatal itching, and malodorous otorrhea all at the same time. Although granular myringitis does not typically result in a hearing loss, it can cause complications like inflammatory infiltration of the deep canal, canal atresia or stenosis, and post-inflammatory medial canal fibrosis.
Malignant otitis externa is a rare and potentially life-threatening complication of otitis externa in which the infection spreads from the ear canal into the surrounding skull base, hence becoming an osteomyelitis. [16] It occurs largely in diabetic patients. [20]
The most common aetiology of acute otitis externa is bacterial infection, [5] while chronic cases are often associated with underlying skin diseases such as eczema or psoriasis. [6] A third form, malignant otitis externa, or necrotising otitis externa, is a potentially life-threatening, invasive infection of the external auditory canal and ...
Otitis media is a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear. [2] One of the two main types is acute otitis media (AOM), [3] an infection of rapid onset that usually presents with ear pain. [1] In young children this may result in pulling at the ear, increased crying, and poor sleep. [1] Decreased eating and a fever may also be present. [1]
Other more common conditions (e.g. otitis externa) may also present with these symptoms, but cholesteatoma is much more serious and should not be overlooked.If a patient presents to a doctor with ear discharge and hearing loss, the doctor should consider cholesteatoma until the disease is definitely excluded. [4]
Otitis externa [1] Perichondritis is inflammation of the perichondrium , a layer of connective tissue which surrounds cartilage . [ 2 ] A common form, auricular perichondritis ( perichondritis auriculae ) involves infection of the pinna due to infection of traumatic or surgical wound or the spread of inflammation into depth (e.g. Infected ...