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The Jewish Town Hall in Prague's Jewish Quarter.. The history of the Jews in Prague, the capital of today's Czech Republic, relates to one of Europe's oldest recorded and most well-known Jewish communities (in Hebrew, Kehilla), first mentioned by the Sephardi-Jewish traveller Ibrahim ibn Yaqub in 965 CE.
Prague Jewish organizations were shut down or taken over by the Gestapo. [51] In the first week after the annexation there was a wave of suicides among Jews, 30–40 reported each day in Prague. [52] [53] A wave of arrests targeted thousands of left-wing activists and German refugees. More than a thousand were deported to concentration camps in ...
The Jewish population of Bohemia and Moravia (117,551 according to the 1930 census) was virtually annihilated. Many Jews emigrated after 1939; approximately 78,000 were killed. By 1945, some 14,000 Jews remained alive in the Czech lands. [5] Approximately 144,000 Jews were sent to Theresienstadt concentration camp. Most inmates were Czech Jews.
Most Jews lived in large cities such as Prague (35,403 Jews, who made up 4.2% of the population), Brno (11,103, 4.2%), and Ostrava (6,865, 5.5%). [ 17 ] Antisemitism in the Czech lands was less prevalent than elsewhere, and was strongly opposed by the national founder and first president, Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk (1850–1937), [ 18 ] [ 19 ...
Prague in Black Nazi Rule and Czech Nationalism. Harvard University Press: Cambridge. ISBN 978-0-674-26166-2. Gruner, Wolf (2015). "Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia". The Greater German Reich and the Jews: Nazi Persecution Policies in the Annexed Territories 1935–1945. War and Genocide. Berghahn Books. pp. 99– 135. ISBN 978-1-78238-444-1.
Acknowledgement of the association of the veterans of the Haganah to Czechoslovakia, in Josefov, Prague. Between June 1947 and October 31, 1949, the Jewish agency (later to become the Israeli government) seeking weapons for Operation Balak, made several purchases of weapons in Czechoslovakia, some of them of former German army weapons, captured by the Czechoslovak army on its national ...
Mordecai Meisel, philanthropist and communal leader at Prague [77] Karol Sidon, playwright, chief rabbi of Prague, and Convert to Judaism; Salomon Weisz, cantor & Bar Mitzvah teacher in Znojmo and Trebic, cantor of Moravia and Bar Mitzvah teacher in Prague from 1946 to 1968.
In May 1946, the Slovak autonomous government passed the Restitution Act 128/1946, which canceled Aryanizations in cases where the victim was judged to be loyal to the Czechoslovak state. Jews could regain their property via the court system, rather than local authorities, which were less favorable to their claims.