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Research has found that false political information tends to spread three times faster than other false news. [45] On Twitter, false tweets have a much higher chance of being retweeted than truthful tweets. More so, it is humans who are responsible for disseminating false news and information as opposed to bots and click farms. The tendency for ...
In order to distinguish between similar terms, including misinformation and malinformation, scholars collectively agree on the definitions for each term as follows: (1) disinformation is the strategic dissemination of false information with the intention to cause public harm; [24] (2) misinformation represents the unintentional spread of false ...
Misinformation refers to false or inaccurate information shared unintentionally—simply getting the facts wrong. Disinformation , on the other hand, involves deliberately spreading false ...
Misinformation is often used as an umbrella term to refer to many types of false information; more specifically it may refer to false information that is not shared to intentionally deceive or cause harm. [20] Those who do not know that a piece of information is untrue, for instance, might disseminate it on social media in an effort to help. [21]
Critics argue that the model fails to address other reasons why individuals believe false information, such as the illusory truth effect (repeated statements receive higher truth ratings than new statements). [4] In fact, in one study, participants failed to rely on stored knowledge and instead relied on repeated false statements. [4]
According to Derakhshan, examples of malinformation can include "revenge porn, where the change of context from private to public is the sign of malicious intent", or providing false information about where and when a photograph was taken in order to mislead the viewer [3] (the picture is real, but the meta-information and its context is changed).
[46] There is evidence that false information "cascades" travel farther, faster, and more broadly than truthful information, perhaps due to novelty and emotional loading. [48] Trying to fight a many-headed hydra of disinformation may be less effective than raising awareness of how disinformation works and how to identify it, before an attack ...
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