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Potassium chloride (KCl, or potassium salt) is a metal halide salt composed of potassium and chlorine. It is odorless and has a white or colorless vitreous crystal appearance. The solid dissolves readily in water, and its solutions have a salt-like taste. Potassium chloride can be obtained from ancient dried lake deposits. [7]
KCl is also sometimes used in fetal intracardiac injections in second- and third-trimester induced abortions. [16] [17] Jack Kevorkian's thanatron machine injected a lethal dose of potassium chloride into the patient, which caused the heart to stop functioning, after a sodium thiopental-induced coma was achieved. [18]
Clark's rule is a medical term referring to a mathematical formula used to calculate the proper dosage of medicine for children aged 2–17 based on the weight of the patient and the appropriate adult dose. [1] The formula was named after Cecil Belfield Clarke (1894–1970), a Barbadian physician who practiced throughout the UK, the West Indies ...
The molar ionic strength, I, of a solution is a function of the concentration of all ions present in that solution. [3]= = where one half is because we are including both cations and anions, c i is the molar concentration of ion i (M, mol/L), z i is the charge number of that ion, and the sum is taken over all ions in the solution.
Diagram showing the basic physiologic mechanisms of the kidney. The clearance of a substance is the volume of plasma that contains the same amount of the substance as has been removed from the plasma per unit time.
Generally, the source of the constituent ions is a mixture of sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium lactate (CH 3 CH(OH)CO 2 Na), calcium chloride (CaCl 2), and potassium chloride (KCl), dissolved into distilled water. Ringer's solution has the same constituents without the sodium lactate, though sometimes it may also include magnesium chloride (MgCl ...
Different dose calculation models are available, including pencil beam, convolution-superposition and monte carlo simulation, with precision versus computation time being the relevant trade-off. This type of planning is only sufficiently adept to handle relatively simple cases in which the tumour has a simple shape and is not near any critical ...
The solution of this differential equation is useful in calculating the concentration after the administration of a single dose of drug via IV bolus injection: = C t is concentration after time t; C 0 is the initial concentration (t=0) K is the elimination rate constant