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India in 1525 just before the onset of Mughal rule. The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur (reigned 1526–1530), a Central Asian ruler who was descended from the Persianized Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur (the founder of the Timurid Empire) on his father's side, and from Genghis Khan on his mother's side. [39]
The emperors of the Mughal Empire, who were all members of the Timurid dynasty (House of Babur), ruled over the empire from its inception in 1526 to its dissolution in 1857. They were the supreme monarchs of the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent, mainly corresponding to the modern countries of India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh.
The Mughal dynasty (Persian: دودمان مغل, romanized: Dudmân-e Mughal) or the House of Babur (Persian: خاندانِ آلِ بابُر, romanized: Khāndān-e-Āl-e-Bābur), was a branch of the Timurid dynasty founded by Babur that ruled the Mughal Empire from its inception in 1526 till the early eighteenth century, and then as ceremonial suzerains over much of the empire until 1857.
Babur (Persian: [βɑː.βuɾ]; 14 February 1483 – 26 December 1530; born Zahīr ud-Dīn Muhammad) was the founder of the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent. He was a descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan through his father and mother respectively. [4][5][6] He was also given the posthumous name of Firdaws Makani ('Dwelling in Paradise').
Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar[ 9 ] (15 October 1542 [ a ] – 27 October 1605), [ 12 ][ 13 ][ 14 ] popularly known as Akbar the Great, [ 15 ] and also as Akbar I (Persian pronunciation: [ak.baɾ]), [ 16 ] was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605. Akbar succeeded his father, Humayun, under a regent, Bairam Khan, who ...
Humayun. Jannat-Ashyani (lit. 'He who lives in heaven') Nasir al-Din Muhammad (6 March 1508 [1] – 27 January 1556), commonly known by his regnal name Humayun (Persian pronunciation: [hu.mɑː.juːn]), was the second Mughal emperor, who ruled over territory in what is now Eastern Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Northern India, and Pakistan from 1530 ...
Sunni Islam [c] Imperial Seal. Muhi al-Din Muhammad (3 November 1618 – 3 March 1707), commonly known by the title Aurangzeb, [d] and also by his regnal name Alamgir I, [e][f] was the sixth Mughal emperor, reigning from 1658 until his death in 1707. Under his emperorship, Mughal Empire reached its greatest extent with territory spanning nearly ...
The Mughal Empire continued to expand moderately during his reign as his sons commanded large armies on different fronts. India at the time was a rich center of the arts, crafts and architecture, and some of the best of the architects, artisans, craftsmen, painters and writers of the world resided in Shah Jahan's empire.