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In PHP, the include directive causes another PHP file to be included and evaluated. [10] Similar commands are require , which upon failure to include will produce a fatal exception and halt the script, [ 11 ] and include_once and require_once , which prevent a file from being included or required again if it has already been included or ...
PHP has a direct module interface called SAPI for different web servers; [275] in case of PHP 5 and Apache 2.0 on Windows, it is provided in form of a DLL file called php5apache2.dll, [276] which is a module that, among other functions, provides an interface between PHP and the web server, implemented in a form that the server understands. This ...
In cases where no known index.* file exists within a given directory, the web server may be configured to provide an automatically generated listing of the files within the directory instead. With the Apache web server, for example, this behavior is provided by the mod_autoindex module [ 9 ] and controlled by the Options +Indexes directive [ 10 ...
PHP has hundreds of base functions and thousands more from extensions. Prior to PHP version 5.3.0, functions are not first-class functions and can only be referenced by their name, whereas PHP 5.3.0 introduces closures. [35] User-defined functions can be created at any time and without being prototyped. [35]
PHPDoc is an adaptation of Javadoc format for the PHP programming language.It is still an informal standard for commenting PHP code, but it is in the process of being formalized. [1]
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A file inclusion vulnerability is a type of web vulnerability that is most commonly found to affect web applications that rely on a scripting run time.This issue is caused when an application builds a path to executable code using an attacker-controlled variable in a way that allows the attacker to control which file is executed at run time.
When a URI request for a file/directory is to be made, build a full path to the file/directory if it exists, and normalize all characters (e.g., %20 converted to spaces). It is assumed that a 'Document Root' fully qualified, normalized, path is known, and this string has a length N. Assume that no files outside this directory can be served.