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Childhood leukemia is the most common childhood cancer, accounting for 29% of cancers in children aged 0–14 in 2018. [1] There are multiple forms of leukemia that occur in children, the most common being acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) followed by acute myeloid leukemia (AML). [2]
Studies have shown that chemo and radiation therapies may damage brain white matter and disrupt brain activity. This cognitive problem is known as post-chemotherapy cognitive impairment (PCCI) or "chemo brain." This term is commonly use by cancer survivors who describe having thinking and memory problems after cancer treatment. [17]
In children under 15 in first-world countries, the five-year survival rate is greater than 60% or even 90%, depending on the type of leukemia. [13] In children who are cancer-free five years after diagnosis of acute leukemia, the cancer is unlikely to return. [13] In 2015, leukemia was present in 2.3 million people worldwide and caused 353,500 ...
Chemotherapy-induced acral erythema, also known as palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia or hand-foot syndrome is reddening, swelling, numbness and desquamation (skin sloughing or peeling) on palms of the hands and soles of the feet (and, occasionally, on the knees, elbows, and elsewhere) that can occur after chemotherapy in patients with cancer.
Although 80 to 90% of children will have a long term complete response with treatment, [45]: 1527 it remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among children. [82] 85% of cases are of B-cell lineage and have an equal number of cases in both males and females. The remaining 15% of T-cell lineage have a male predominance.
One physiological cause of fatigue is anemia, which can be caused by chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, primary and metastatic disease or nutritional depletion. [ 95 ] [ 96 ] Aerobic exercise has been found to be beneficial in reducing fatigue in people with solid tumours .
The term childhood disease refers to disease that is contracted or becomes symptomatic before the age of 18 or 21 years old. Many of these diseases can also be contracted by adults. Some childhood diseases include:
Low-risk disease in babies typically has a good outcome with surgery or simply observation. [5] In high-risk disease, chances of long-term survival, however, are less than 40%, despite aggressive treatment. [5] Neuroblastoma is the most common cancer in babies and the third-most common cancer in children after leukemia and brain cancer. [5]