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Calcium hypochlorite is a general oxidizing agent and therefore finds some use in organic chemistry. [6] For instance the compound is used to cleave glycols, α-hydroxy carboxylic acids and keto acids to yield fragmented aldehydes or carboxylic acids. [7] Calcium hypochlorite can also be used in the haloform reaction to manufacture chloroform. [8]
In chemistry, hypochlorite, or chloroxide is an anion with the chemical formula ClO −. It combines with a number of cations to form hypochlorite salts. Common examples include sodium hypochlorite (household bleach) and calcium hypochlorite (a component of bleaching powder, swimming pool "chlorine"). [1] The Cl-O distance in ClO − is 1.69 Å ...
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A purer, more stable form of calcium hypochlorite is called HTH or high test hypochlorite. It is also available as bleaching tablets that contain calcium hypochlorite and other ingredients to prevent the tablets from crumbling. A supposedly more stable mixture of calcium hypochlorite and quicklime (calcium oxide) is known as "tropical bleach". [22]
Total alkalinity should be 80–120 ppm and calcium hardness between 200 and 400 ppm. [14] [failed verification] Good hygienic behavior at swimming pools is also important for reducing health risk factors at swimming pools and spas. Showering before swimming can reduce introduction of contaminants to the pool, and showering again after swimming ...
As described by NSF/ANSI Standard 44, [8] ion-exchange devices reduce the hardness by replacing magnesium and calcium (Mg 2+ and Ca 2+) with sodium or potassium ions (Na + and K +)." Ion-exchange resins are organic polymers containing anionic functional groups to which the divalent cations (Ca 2+) bind more strongly than monovalent cations (Na +).
When testing coatings, scratch hardness refers to the force necessary to cut through the film to the substrate. The most common test is Mohs scale, which is used in mineralogy. One tool to make this measurement is the sclerometer. Another tool used to make these tests is the pocket hardness tester. This tool consists of a scale arm with ...
Hypochlorous acid is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Cl O H, also written as HClO, HOCl, or ClHO. [2] [3] Its structure is H−O−Cl.It is an acid that forms when chlorine dissolves in water, and itself partially dissociates, forming a hypochlorite anion, ClO −.