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A model of traditional house in Kyoto A traditional house in Okinawa Prefecture has the red tile roof characteristic of the region. Historically, commoners typically lived either in free-standing houses, now known as minka, or, predominantly in cities, in machiya (町屋) or row-houses called nagaya (長屋). Examples are still visible in Kyoto.
The Tōmatsu house from Funairi-chō, Nagoya, is an example of a large machiya. Machiya façade in Kyoto Old fabric shop in Nara. Machiya (町屋/町家) are traditional wooden townhouses found throughout Japan and typified in the historical capital of Kyoto.
Ponto-chō (先斗町) is a hanamachi district in Kyoto, Japan, known for its geiko and maiko, and is home to many of the city's okiya and traditional tea houses. Like Gion, Ponto-chō is famous for the preservation of forms of traditional architecture and entertainment.
Minka (Japanese: 民家, lit. "folk houses") are vernacular houses constructed in any one of several traditional Japanese building styles. In the context of the four divisions of society, Minka were the dwellings of farmers, artisans, and merchants (i.e., the three non-samurai castes). [1]
In total there are 15 [nb 1] structures at ten compounds in five cities. [nb 2] Ten of these structures are located in Kyoto.The compound with most National Treasures of the residential building category is Nishi Hongan-ji, with three structures.
During the Genpei War (1180–1185), many traditional buildings in Nara and Kyoto were damaged. For example, Kōfuku-ji and Tōdai-ji were burned down by Taira no Shigehira of the Taira clan in 1180.
In 1587, Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1536–98) employed the tea master Sen no Rikyū as his advisor on aesthetic matters. In the compound of Hideyoshi's imposing Jurakudai castle in Kyoto Rikyū designed an eighteen mat building known as the Coloured Shoin which was thought to be the first example of sukiya-zukuri architecture.
As traditional establishments, ochaya occupy buildings exemplifying traditional Japanese architecture, most often town house (町家/町屋, machiya) style construction, particularly in Kyoto. Interiors will typically be tatami rooms, while exteriors may feature sheer walls (for privacy) or wooden lattices ( 格子 , kōshi ) .