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Indus Valley Civilisation Alternative names Harappan civilisation ancient Indus Indus civilisation Geographical range Basins of the Indus river, Pakistan and the seasonal Ghaggar-Hakra river, eastern Pakistan and northwestern India Period Bronze Age South Asia Dates c. 3300 – c. 1300 BCE Type site Harappa Major sites Harappa, Mohenjo-daro, Dholavira, and Rakhigarhi Preceded by Mehrgarh ...
Harappa (Punjabi pronunciation: [ɦəɽəˈpaː]) is an archaeological site in Punjab, Pakistan, about 24 kilometres (15 miles) west of Sahiwal.The Bronze Age Harappan civilisation, now more often called the Indus Valley Civilisation, is named after the site, which takes its name from a modern village near the former course of the Ravi River, which now runs eight kilometres (five miles) to the ...
Female figurine. Mature Harappan period, 2700–2000 BCE. Indus civilization. National Museum, New Delhi. Indus Civilization pottery figure of horned deity. [1]The religion and belief system of the Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC) people have received considerable attention, with many writers concerned with identifying precursors to the religious practices and deities of much later Indian ...
Several periodisations are employed for the periodisation of the Indus Valley Civilisation. [1] [2] While the Indus Valley Civilisation was divided into Early, Mature, and Late Harappan by archaeologists like Mortimer Wheeler, [3] newer periodisations include the Neolithic early farming settlements, and use a stage–phase model, [1] [4] [3] often combining terminology from various systems.
Alamgirpur is an archaeological site of the Indus Valley civilization that thrived along the Ganga-Yamuna Doab (c. 3300–1300 BC) from the Harappan-Bara period, located in Meerut district, Uttar Pradesh, India. [1] [2] It is the easternmost known site of the civilization. [3]
The chronology of the occupation of the site at Surkotada is not the same as other Harappan / Indus Valley civilization sites. The dates from Surkotada are later than most Harappan sites but conform well with the occupational dates from Lothal and Kalibangan. In other words, the Harappans did not establish a settlement in Surkotada in the ...
The excavation unexpectedly brought to light a twofold sequence of cultures, of which the upper one (Kalibangan I) belongs to the Harappan, showing the characteristic grid layout of a metropolis and the lower one (Kalibangan II) was formerly called pre-Harappan but is now called "Early Harappan or antecedent Harappan". [8]
The oldest-known site of the Indus Valley Civilization, Bhirrana, [7] and the largest site, Rakhigarhi, [8] are located in the Indian state of Haryana. More than 90% of the inscribed objects and seals that were discovered were found at ancient urban centres along the Indus river in Pakistan, mainly in Harappa and Mohenjo-daro.