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The Indiana Territory, officially the Territory of Indiana, was created by an organic act that President John Adams signed into law on May 7, 1800, [1] to form an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 4, 1800, to December 11, 1816, when the remaining southeastern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the state of Indiana. [2]
In 1800, Indiana Territory became the first of these new territories established. As Indiana Territory grew in population and development, it was divided in 1805 and again in 1809 until, reduced to its current size and boundaries, it retained the name Indiana and was admitted to the Union December 11, 1816 as the nineteenth state.
1800s Indiana Territory elections (4 C) 1800s establishments in Indiana Territory (6 C) This page was last edited on 14 October 2023, at 19:03 (UTC). Text is ...
[17] [18] One of the immediate needs for the federal government and William Henry Harrison, who was appointed governor of the Indiana Territory in 1800 and served until 1812, was to encourage rapid settlement by reducing threats of violence from the area's native tribes and to establish a policy for acquiring ownership of territorial lands. [19]
When they relocated to the Indiana Territory, they brought what few slaves they owned with them. An 1810 census recorded 393 free blacks and 237 slaves in the Indiana Territory. [6] Knox County, where the territorial capital of Indiana, Vincennes, was located, was the center of Indiana slavery.
Meanwhile, in 1800, William Henry Harrison had become the governor of the newly formed Indiana Territory, with the capital at Vincennes. Harrison sought to secure title to Indian lands to allow for American expansion; in particular, he hoped that the Indiana Territory would attract enough white settlers so as to qualify for statehood.
In 1800, Congress separated Ohio from the Northwest Territory, designating the rest of the land as the Indiana Territory. [30] President Thomas Jefferson chose William Henry Harrison as the governor of the territory, and Vincennes was established as the capital. [ 31 ]
Elihu Stout published the first newspaper in the Indiana Territory in 1804 at Vincennes. The Indiana Gazette debuted on July 31, 1804. Fire destroyed the printing presses in 1806, but Stout revived the newspaper as the Western Sun in 1807. [22] [23] Vincennes served as the first capital of Indiana Territory until it was moved to Corydon on May ...