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An inguinal hernia or groin hernia is a hernia (protrusion) of abdominal cavity contents through the inguinal canal. Symptoms, which may include pain or discomfort especially with or following coughing, exercise, or bowel movements , are absent in about a third of patients.
Inguinal hernias: A bulge in the groin area that can cause pain, especially with exertion. Inguinal hernias occur when abdominal tissue protrudes through a weakness in the abdominal wall, explains ...
Double indirect hernia: an indirect inguinal hernia with two hernia sacs, without a concomitant direct hernia component (as seen in a pantaloon hernia). [26] Hiatus hernia: a hernia due to "short oesophagus" — insufficient elongation — stomach is displaced into the thorax; Littre's hernia: a hernia involving a Meckel's diverticulum.
Detecting an inguinal hernia is typically characterized by a noticeable bulge in the groin or scrotum, which may vary in size. Hernias can emerge as strangulated hernia (an emergency situation) or reducible hernia (a less urgent condition). [30]
Internal hernias occur when there is protrusion of an internal organ into a retroperitoneal fossa or a foramen (congenital or acquired) in the abdominal cavity.If a loop of bowel passes through the mesenteric defect, that loop is at risk for incarceration, strangulation, or for becoming the lead point of a small bowel obstruction. [1]
Amyand's hernia is a rare form of an inguinal hernia (less than 1% of inguinal hernias) [2] which occurs when the appendix is included in the hernial sac and becomes incarcerated. The condition is an eponymous disease named after a French surgeon , Claudius Amyand (1660–1740), [ 3 ] who performed the first successful appendectomy in 1735.
The bulge may be painful when the patient stretches but then goes away when they are lying down in a resting position. [5] However, a number of patients present with no obvious symptoms but vague tenderness along the area in which the Spigelian fascia is located.
Post herniorrhaphy pain syndrome, or inguinodynia is pain or discomfort lasting greater than 3 months after surgery of inguinal hernia. Randomized trials of laparoscopic vs open inguinal hernia repair have demonstrated similar recurrence rates with the use of mesh and have identified that chronic groin pain (>10%) surpasses recurrence (<2%) and is an important measure of success.