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WBRT may be administered in combination with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), surgery, or systemic therapies. [1] While these can improve survival for some patients with single brain metastasis, a 2021 systematic review of the literature found inconsistent results for overall survival. [1]
Treatment for brain metastases is primarily palliative, with the goals of therapy being reduction of symptoms and prolongation of life. However, brain metastases harboring a mutation in the BRAF kinase at position V600 are effectively druggable with small molecule inhibitors such as dabrafenib.
For brain metastases, these treatment options include whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT), surgery, and systemic therapies. However, a recent systematic review found no difference in the affects on overall survival or deaths due to brain metastases when comparing SRS treatment alone to SRS plus WBRT treatment or WBRT alone. [27]
A major use of systemic radioisotope therapy is in the treatment of bone metastasis from cancer. The radioisotopes travel selectively to areas of damaged bone, and spare normal undamaged bone. Isotopes commonly used in the treatment of bone metastasis are radium-223, [112] strontium-89 and samarium (153 Sm) lexidronam. [113]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 3 January 2025. Neoplasm in the brain Medical condition Brain tumor Other names Intracranial neoplasm, brain tumour, brain cancer Brain metastasis in the right cerebral hemisphere from lung cancer, shown on magnetic resonance imaging Specialty Neurosurgery, neuro-oncology Symptoms Vary depending on the ...
Clinically, the majority of diagnosed CNS metastasis are derived from well-known primary tumours, while still, about 5-10% are from unknown sources. [8] Since most cancers can progress towards CNS metastasis despite multimodal treatments, it is a significant risk for patients with systemic cancer.
Patient response to treatment will vary based on age, health, and the tolerance to medications and therapies. Metastasis occurs in about 39% of patients, most commonly to the lung. Features associated with poor prognosis include a large primary tumor (over 5 cm across), high grade disease, co-existent neurofibromatosis, and the presence of ...
The surgery is used to treat various brain cancers, benign, and functional disorders of the brain. [1] This is sometimes combined with whole brain radiotherapy, and a 2021 systematic review found this combination led to the greatest improvement of survival for those with single brain metastasis.