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  2. Ex post facto law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex_post_facto_law

    An ex post facto law [1] is a law that retroactively changes the legal consequences or status of actions that were committed, or relationships that existed, ...

  3. List of Latin phrases (E) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Latin_phrases_(E)

    ex post: from after "Afterward", "after the event". Based on knowledge of the past. Measure of past performance ex post facto: from a thing done afterward: Said of a law with retroactive effect ex professo: from one declaring [an art or science] Or 'with due competence'. Said of the person who perfectly knows his art or science. Also used to ...

  4. Ex-ante - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex-ante

    Ex-ante is used most commonly in the commercial world, where results of a particular action, or series of actions, are forecast (or intended). The opposite of ex-ante is ex-post (actual) (or ex post). Buying a lottery ticket loses you money ex ante (in expectation), but if you win, it was the right decision ex post. [2]

  5. Conditionality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditionality

    Ex-ante conditionality requires a country to meet certain conditions and prove it can maintain them before it will receive any aid. [2] Traditionally, the IMF lends funds based on ex-post criteria, which might induce moral hazard behavior by the borrowing country. The moral hazard problem appears when a government behaves in a risky manner in ...

  6. List of Latin phrases (P) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Latin_phrases_(P)

    post factum: after the fact: Not to be confused with ex post facto. post festum: after the feast: Too late, or after the fact post hoc ergo propter hoc: after this, therefore because of this: A logical fallacy where one assumes that one thing happening after another thing means that the first thing caused the second. post meridiem (p.m.) after ...

  7. Moral hazard - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_hazard

    An ex ante moral hazard is a change in behavior prior to the outcome of the random event, whereas ex post involves behavior after the outcome. [45] For instance, in the case of a health insurance company insuring an individual during a specific time period, the final health of the individual can be thought of as the outcome.

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  9. Jensen's alpha - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jensen's_alpha

    In finance, Jensen's alpha [1] (or Jensen's Performance Index, ex-post alpha) is used to determine the abnormal return of a security or portfolio of securities over the theoretical expected return. It is a version of the standard alpha based on a theoretical performance instead of a market index .