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  2. Sheppard's correction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheppard's_correction

    Let be the measured k th moment, ^ the corresponding corrected moment, and the breadth of the class interval (i.e., the bin width). No correction is necessary for the mean (first moment about zero). No correction is necessary for the mean (first moment about zero).

  3. PDF - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF

    A PDF file is organized using ASCII characters, except for certain elements that may have binary content. The file starts with a header containing a magic number (as a readable string) and the version of the format, for example %PDF-1.7. The format is a subset of a COS ("Carousel" Object Structure) format. [24]

  4. Bessel's correction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessel's_correction

    In estimating the population variance from a sample when the population mean is unknown, the uncorrected sample variance is the mean of the squares of deviations of sample values from the sample mean (i.e., using a multiplicative factor 1/n). In this case, the sample variance is a biased estimator of the population variance. Multiplying the ...

  5. List of proofreader's marks - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_proofreader's_marks

    This article is a list of standard proofreader's marks used to indicate and correct problems in a text. Marks come in two varieties, abbreviations and abstract symbols. These are usually handwritten on the paper containing the text.

  6. Heckman correction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heckman_correction

    The Heckman correction is a statistical technique to correct bias from non-randomly selected samples or otherwise incidentally truncated dependent variables, a pervasive issue in quantitative social sciences when using observational data. [1]

  7. AOL Mail

    mail.aol.com

    Get AOL Mail for FREE! Manage your email like never before with travel, photo & document views. Personalize your inbox with themes & tabs. You've Got Mail!

  8. GIFT (file format) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIFT_(file_format)

    The GIFT (General Import Format Template) format is a "wiki-like" markup language for describing tests, originally proposed by Paul Shew in 2003. [1] It is associated with the Moodle course management system.

  9. Shrinkage (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrinkage_(statistics)

    An example arises in the estimation of the population variance by sample variance. For a sample size of n , the use of a divisor n −1 in the usual formula ( Bessel's correction ) gives an unbiased estimator, while other divisors have lower MSE, at the expense of bias.